Апоптоз и его роль в атерогенезе

Обложка

Цитировать

Полный текст

Открытый доступ Открытый доступ
Доступ закрыт Доступ предоставлен
Доступ закрыт Доступ платный или только для подписчиков

Аннотация

Модифицированные липопротеиды и облигатные паразиты, играющие важную роль в развитии иммунного воспаления при атерогенезе, активируют апоптоз клеток интимы артерий на самых ранних стадиях образования атеросклеротических поражений артерий. Апоптоз клеток стенки артерий, с одной стороны, выполняет отрицательную роль, вызывая гибель клеток и способствуя образованию тромбов, с другой - является интегральным защитно-приспособительным процессом, активирующим фагоциты и регулирующим пролиферацию клеток. Перекисно-модифицированные липопротеиды низкой плотности (мЛПНП), особенно входящие в состав иммунного комплекса, не только цитотоксичны для макрофагов, но и являются основной причиной их апоптоза. Апоптоз макрофагов, ГМК и эндотелиоцитов при атерогенезе может быть вызван как мЛПНП, так и клеточными реакциями, сопровождающими развитие иммунного воспаления в зоне атеросклеротических поражений артерий.

Об авторах

В. А. Нагорнев

Научно-исследовательский институт экспериментальной медицины РАМН

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: shabanov@mail.rcom.ru

академик РАМН

Россия, Санкт-Петербург, 197376

А. Н. Восканьянц

Научно-исследовательский институт экспериментальной медицины РАМН

Email: shabanov@mail.rcom.ru
Россия, Санкт-Петербург, 197376

Список литературы

  1. Климов А. Н., Никульчева Н. Г. Обмен липидов и липопротеидов и его нарушения. С.-Петербург: Питер, 1999. 504 с.
  2. Нагорнев В. А., Анестиади В. Х., Зота Е. Г. Атерогенез. Кишинев-С.-Петербург: Tipogr. Centrala, 2001. 332 с.
  3. Нагорнев В. А., Мальцева С. В., Пигаревский П. В. и др. Роль Chlamydia pneumoniae в патогенезе атеросклероза // Мед. акад. журн. 2002. Т. 2. № 4. С. 18-28.
  4. Нагорнев В. А., Восканьянц А. Н., Жданова О. Ю. и др. Цитотоксический эффект липопротеидов низкой плотности // Бюл. экспер. биол. 2003. Т. 13 5. № 1. С. 107-109.
  5. Alnemri Е. S., Livingston D. J., Nicholson D. W. et al. Human ICE/CED-3 protease nomenclature //Cell. 1996. Vol. 87. P. 171-176.
  6. Batistatou A., Greene L. A. Aurintricarboxylic acid rescues PC 12 cells and sympathetic neurons from cell death caused by nerve growth factor deprivation: correlation with suppression of endonuclease activity // J. Cell. Biol. 1991. Vol. 115. P. 461-471.
  7. Bauriedel G., Schluckebier S., Hutter R. et al. Apoptosis in restenosis versus stable-angina atherosclerosis: implications for the pathogenesis of restenosis // Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 1995. Vol. 18. P. 1132-1139.
  8. Bennett M. R., Boyle J. J. Apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells in atherosclerosis // Atherosclerosis. 1998. Vol. 138. P. 3-9.
  9. Bennett M. R., Evan G. L., Schwartz S. M. Apoptosis of human vascular smooth muscle cells derived from normal vessels and coronary atherosclerotic plaques // J. Clin. Invest. 1995. Vol. 95. P. 2266-2274 (a).
  10. Bennett M. R., Gibson D. E, Schwartz S. M., Tait J. F. Binding and phagocytosis of phosphatidylserine // Circ. Res. 1995. Vol. 77. P. 1136-1142 (б).
  11. Bennett M. R., Littlewood T. D., Schwartz S. M., Weissberg P. L. Increased sensitivety of human vascular smooth muscle cells from atherosclerotic plaques to p53-mediated apoptosis // Circ. Res. 1997. Vol. 81. P. 591-599.
  12. Bennett M. R., Macdonald K., Chan S. W. et al. Cell surface trafficking of Fas: a rapid mechanism of p53 mediated apoptosis // Science. 1998. Vol. 282. P. 290-293.
  13. Bergess R. R., Furuya Y., Remington L. et al. Cell proliferation, DNA repair, and p53 function are not required for programmed death of prostatic grandular cells induced by androgen ablation // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1993. Vol. 90. P. 8910-8914.
  14. Bjorkerud B., Bjorkerud S. Contrary effects of lightly and strongly oxidized LDL with potent promotion of growth versus-apoptosis on arterial smooth muscle cells, macrophages, and fibroblasts // Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 1996. Vol. 16. P. 416-424.
  15. Bjorkerud S., Bjorkerud B. Apoptosis is abundant in human atherosclerotic lesions, especially in inflammatory cells (macrophages and T cells), and mey contribute to the accumulation of gruel and plaque instability // Am. J. Pathol. 1996. Vol. 149. P. 367-3 80.
  16. Bochaton-Piallat M. L., Gabbiani E., Redard M. et al. Apoptosis participates in cellularity regulation during rat aortic intimal thickening // Am. J. Pathol. 1997. Vol. 146. P. 1059-1064.
  17. Brown S. B., Savill J. Phagocytosis triggers macrophage release of Fas ligand and induces apoptosis of bystander leukocytes // J. Immunol. 1999. Vol. 162. P. 480-485.
  18. Cai W., Devaux B., Schaper W., Schaper J. The role of Fas/APO 1 and apoptosis in the development of human atherosclerotic lesions // Atherosclerosis. 1997. Vol. 131. P. 177-186.
  19. Candipan R. C., Wang B. Y., Butrago R. et al. Regression or progression - dependency on vascular nitric oxide // Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 1996. Vol. 16. P. 44-50.
  20. Catchpoole D. R., Stewart B. W. Inhibition of topoisomerase II by aurintricarboxylic acid: implication for mechanisms of apoptosis // Anticancer. Res. 1994. Vol. 14. P. 853-856.
  21. Cathcart M. K., Morel D. W., Chisolm G. M. Monocytes and neutrophils oxidise low density lipoprotein making it cytotoxic // J. Leukocyte Biol. 1985. Vol. 38. P. 341-350.
  22. Cho A., Courtman D. and Langille L. Apoptosis (programmed cell death) in arteries of the neonatal lamb // Circ. Res. 1995. Vol. 76. P. 168-175.
  23. Darley-Usmar V., Wiseman H., Halliwell B. Nitric oxide and oxygen radicals: a question of balance // FEBS Lett. 1995. Vol. 369. P. 131-135.
  24. Daugherty A., Roselaar S. E. Lipoprotein oxidation as a mediator of atherogenesis: insights from pharmacological studies // Cardiovasc. Res. 1995. Vol. 29. P. 297-311.
  25. Dimmeler S., Haendeler J., Galle J., Zeither A. M. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein induces apoptosis of human endothelial cells by activation of CPP32-like proteases: a mechanistic clue to the «response to injury» hypothesis // Circulation. 1997. Vol. 95. P. 1760-1763.
  26. Dimmeler S., Haeneler J., Sause A., Zeiher A. M. Nitric oxide inhibits APO-l/Fasmediated cell death // Cell. Growth. Differ. 1998. Vol. 9. P. 415-422.
  27. Earnshaw W. C. Nuclear change in apoptosis // Curr. Opin. Cell. Biol. 1995. Vol. 7. P. 3 3 7-343.
  28. Eastman A., Barry M. A. The origins of DNA breaks a consequence of DNA damage, DNA repair, or apoptosis? // Cancer Invest. 1992. Vol. 10. P. 229-240.
  29. Escargueil-Blanc I., Meilhac O., Pieraggi M. T. et al. Oxidized LDL induce massive apoptosis of cultured human endothelial cells through a calcium-dependent pathway: prevention by aurintricarboxylic acid // Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 1997. Vol. 17. P. 331-339.
  30. Fadok V. A., Savill J. S., Haslett C. et al. Different populations of macrophages use either the vitrinectin receptor or the phosphatidylserine receptor to recognize and remove apoptotic cells // J. Immunol. 1992. Vol. 149. P. 4029-403 5.
  31. Fyfe A. I., Quiao J. H., Lusis A. J. Immuno-deficient mice develop typical atherosclerotic fatty streak when fed an atherogenic diet // J. Clin. Invest. 1994. Vol. 94. P. 2516-2520.
  32. Galle J., Schneider R., Heinloth A. et al. Lp(a) and LDL induce apoptosis in human endothelial cells and in rabbit aorta: role of oxidative stress // Kidney Int. 1999. Vol. 55. P. 1450-1461.
  33. Geng Y. J., Libby P. Evidence for apoptosis in advanced human atheroma: colocalization with interleukin-1 beta-converting enzyme // Am. J. Pathol. 1995. Vol. 147. P. 251-266.
  34. Geng Y. J., Henderson L. E., Levesque E. B. et al. Fas is expressed in human atherosclerotic intima and promotes apoptosis of cytokine-primed human vascular smooth muscle cells // Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 1997. Vol. 17. P. 2200-2208.
  35. Goldstein J. L., Brown M. S. The low-density lipoprotein pathway and its relation to atherosclerosis // Ann. Rew. Biochem. 1977. Vol. 46. P. 897-930.
  36. Green D. R., Beere H. M. Gone but not forgotten // Nature. 2000. Vol. 405. P. 28-29.
  37. Han D. K., Haudenschild С. C., Hong M. K. et al. Evidence for apoptosis in human atherogenesis and in a rat vascular injury model // Am. J. Pathol. 1995. Vol. 147. P. 267-277.
  38. Hardwick S. J., Hegyi L., Clare K. et al. Apoptosis in human monocyte-macrophages exposed to oxidized low density lipoprotein // J. Pathol. 1996. Vol. 179. P. 294-302.
  39. Hasdai D., Scheinnowitz M., Leibovitz E. et al. Increased concentrations of serum interleukin-1β in patients with coronary artery disease // Heart. 1996. Vol. 76. P. 24-28.
  40. Hasdai D., Barak V., Leibovitz E. et al. Elevated serum levels of basic fibroblast growth factor in patients with ischemic heart disease // Int. J. Cardiol. 1997. Vol. 59. P. 133-13 8.
  41. Hasdai D., Sangiorgi G., Spagnoli L. G. et al. Coronary artery apoptosis in experimental hypercholesterolemia // Atherosclerosis. 1999. Vol. 142. P. 317-325.
  42. Haunstetter A., Izumo S. Apoptosis. Basic mechanisms and implications for cardiovascular disease // Circ. Res. 1998. Vol. 82. P. 1111-1129.
  43. Hegyi L., Skepper J. N., Cary N. R., Mitchinson M. Foam cell apoptosis and the development of the lipid core of human atherosclerosis // J. Pathol. 1996. Vol. 180. P. 423-429.
  44. Heinloth A., Heermeier K., Raff U. et al. Stimulation of NADPH oxidase by oxidized LDL induces proliferation of human vascular endothelial cells // J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2000. Vol. 11. P. 1819-1825.
  45. Heinloth A., Brune B., Fischer B., Galle J. Nitric oxide prevents oxidized LDL-induced p53 accumulation, cytochrom c translocation, and apoptosis in macrophages via guanylate cyclase stimulation // Atherosclerosis. 2002. Vol. 162. P. 93-101.
  46. Hughes H., Matthews B., Lenz M. L., Guyton J. R. Cytotoxicity of oxidized LDL to porcine aortic smooth muscle cells is associated with the oxysterol 7-keto-cholesterol and 7-hydroxycholesterol // Arterioscler. Thromb. 1994. Vol. 14. P. 1177-1185.
  47. Imanishi T., Han D., Hofstra L. et al. Apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells is induced by Fas ligand derived from monocytes/macrophage // Atherosclerosis. 2002. Vol. 161. P. 143-151.
  48. Isner J. M., Kearney M., Bortman S., Passeri J. Apoptosis in human atherosclerosis and restenosis // Circulation. 1995. Vol. 91. P. 2703-2711.
  49. Itoh N., Yonehara S., Ishii A. et al. The polypeptide encoded by the cDNA for human cell surface antigen Fas can mediate apoptosis // Cell. 1991. Vol. 66. P. 233-243.
  50. Kayagaki N., Kawasaki A., Ebata T. et al. Matalloproteinase-mediated released of human Fas ligand // J. Exp. Med. 1995. Vol. 182. P. 1777-1783.
  51. Kerr J. F., Wyllie A. H, Currie A. R. Apoptosis: a basic biological phenomenon with wide-ranging implications in tissue kinetics // Br. J. Cancer. 1972. Vol. 26. P. 239-257.
  52. Kiener P. A., Davis P M., Rankin В. M. et al. Human monocytic cells contain high levels of intracellular Fas ligand: rapid release following cellular activation // J. Immunol. 1997. Vol. 159. P. 1594-1598.
  53. Kinscherf R., Claus R., Deigner H. P. et al. Modified low density lipoprotein delivers substrate for ceramide formation and stimulates the sphingomyelin-ceramide pathway in human macrophages // FEBS Lett. 1997. Vol. 405. P. 55-59 (а).
  54. Kinscherf R., Deigner H.-P., Usinger C. et al. Induction of manganese superoxide dismutase by oxidized-LDL - its relevance in atherosclerosis of human and heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits // FASEB J. 1997. Vol. 11. P. 1317-1328 (б).
  55. Kinscherf R., Claus R., Wagner M. et al. Apoptosis caused by oxidized-LDL is manganese superoxide dismutase and p53-dependent // FASEB J. 1998. Vol. 12. P. 461-467.
  56. Kinscherf R., Wagner M., Kamencic H. et al. Characterization of apoptotic macrophages in atheromatous tissue of humans and heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits // Atherosclerosis. 1999. Vol. 144. P. 33-39.
  57. Kluck R. M., Bossy-Wetzel E., Green D. R., Newmeyer D. D. The release of cytochrome c from mitochondria: a primary site for Bcl-2 regulation of apoptosis // Science. 1997. Vol. 275. P. 1132-1136.
  58. Kockx M. M., Herman A. G. Apoptosis in atherosclerosis: beneficial or detrimental? // Cardiovasc. Res. 2000. Vol. 45. P. 73 6-746.
  59. Kockx M. M., Cambier B. A., Bortier H. E. et al. Foam cell replication and smooth muscle cell apoptosis in human saphenous vein grafts // Histopathology. 1994. Vol. 25. P. 365-371.
  60. Kockx M. M., de Meyer G. R. Y., Muhring J. et al. Distribution of cell replication and apoptosis in atherosclerotic plaques of cholesterol-fed rabbits //Atherosclerosis. 1996. Vol. 120. P. 115-124.
  61. Larrick J. W., Wright S. C. Cytotoxic mechanism of tumor necrosis factor-α // FASEB J. 1990. Vol. 4. P. 3215-3223.
  62. Li P. F., Dietz R., von Harsdorf R. Differential effect of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion on apoptosis and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells // Circulation. 1997. Vol. 96. P. 3602-3 609 (а).
  63. Li P, Nijhawan D., Budihardjo I. et al. Cytochrome c and ATP-dependent formation of Apaf-1/Caspase-9 complex initiates an apoptotic protease cascade // Cell. 1997. Vol. 91. P. 479—489 (б).
  64. Li D. Y, Mehta J. L. Upregulation of endothelial receptor for oxidized LDL (LOX-1) by oxidized LDL and implications in apoptosis of human coronary artery endothelial cells - evidence from use of antisense LOX-1 mRNA and chemical inhibitors // Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 2000. Vol. 20. P. 1116-1122.
  65. Liles W. C., Kiener P. A., Ledbetter J. A. et al. Differential expression of Fas (CD95) and Fas ligand on normal human phagocytes: implications for the regulation of apoptosis in neutrophils // J. Exp. Med. 1996. Vol. 184. P. 429-440.
  66. Liu Y., Cigola E., Cheng W. et al. Myocyte nuclear mitotic division and programmed myocyte cell death characterize the cardiac myopathy induced by rapid ventricular pacing in dogs // Lab. Invest. 1995. Vol. 73. P. 771-787.
  67. Liu X., Kim C. N., Yang J. et al. Induction of apoptotic program in cell-free extracts: requirement for dATP and cytochrome c // Cell. 1996. Vol. 86. P. 147-157.
  68. Lizard G., Deckert V., Dubrez L. et al. Induction of apoptosis in endothelial cells treated with cholesterol oxides // Am. J. Pathol. 1996. Vol. 148. P. 1625-1638.
  69. Loetscher H., Pan Y. C., Lahm H. W. et al. Molecular cloning and expression of the human 55 kd tumor necrosis factor receptor // Cell. 1990. Vol. 61. P. 351-359.
  70. Longthorne V. L., Williams G. T. Caspase activity is required for commitment to Fas-mediated apoptosis // EMBO J. 1997. Vol. 16. P. 3805-3812.
  71. Majno G., Joris I. Apoptosis, oncosis, and necrosis: an overview of cell death // Am. J. Pathol. 1995. Vol. 146. P. 3-15.
  72. Mallat Z., Ohen J., Leseche G., Tedgui A. Colocalization of CPP-32 with apoptotic cells in human atherosclerotic plaques // Circulation. 1997. Vol. 96. P. 424-428.
  73. Martin S. J., Green D. R. Protease activation during apoptosis: death by a thousand cuts? // Cell. 1995. Vol. 82. P. 349-352.
  74. Mayr M., Xu Q. Smooth muscle cell apoptosis in arteriosclerosis // Exper. Gerontology. 2001. Vol. 36. P. 969-987.
  75. Muller K., Dulku S., Hardwick S. J. et al. Changes in vimentin in human macrophages during apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein // Atherosclerosis. 2001. Vol. 156. P. 133-144.
  76. Mundle S. D., Gao X. Z., Khan S. et al. Two in situ labeling thechniques reveal different patterns of DNA fragmentation during spontaneous apoptosis in vivo and induced apoptosis in vitro // Anticancer Res. 1995. Vol. 15. P. 1895-1904.
  77. Nagata S. Apoptosis by death factor // Cell. 1997. Vol. 88. P. 137-144.
  78. Nicholson D. W., Thornberry N. A. Caspases: killer proteases // Trends Biochem. Sci. 1997. Vol. 22. P. 299-306.
  79. Nishio E., Arimura S., Watanabe Y. Oxidised LDL induces apoptosis in cultured smooth muscle cells - a possible role for 7-ketocholesterol // Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1996. Vol. 223. P. 413-418.
  80. Palladini G., Finerdi G., Bellomo G. Modifications of vimentin filament architecture and vimentin-nuclear interactions by cholesterol oxides in 73/73 endothelial cells // Exp. Cell. Res. 1996. Vol. 223. P. 83-90.
  81. Pan G., O’Rourke K., Chinnaiyan A. M. et al. The receptor for the cytotoxic ligand TRAIL // Science. 1997. Vol. 276. P. 111-113.
  82. Pertman H., Maillard L., Krasinski K., Walsh K. Evidence for the rapid onset of apoptosis in medial smooth muscle cells after ballon injury // Circulation. 1997. Vol. 95. P. 981-987.
  83. Petit P. X., Lecoeur H., Zom E. et al. Alterations in mitochondreal structure and function are early events of dexamethasone-induced thymocyte apoptosis // J. Cell. Biol. 1995. Vol. 130. P. 157-167.
  84. Pitti R. M., Marsters S. A., Ruppert S. et al. Induction of apoptosis by Apo-2 ligand, a new member of the tumor necrosis factor cytokine family // J. Biol. Chern. 1996. Vol. 271. P. 12687-12690.
  85. Polunovsky V. A., Wendt C. H., Ingbar D. H. et al. Induction of endothelial cell apoptosis by TNF-a: modulation by inhibitors of protein synthesis // Exp. Cell. Res. 1994. Vol. 214. P. 584-594.
  86. Reed J. C. Double identity for proteins of the Bcl-2 family // Nature. 1997. Vol. 387. P. 773-776.
  87. Reid V. C., Mitchinson M. J. Toxicity of oxidized low-density lipoprotein towards mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro // Atherosclerosis. 1993. Vol. 98. P. 17-24.
  88. Reid K. C., Hardwick S. J., Mitchinson M. J. Fragmentation of DNA in P388D1 macraphages exposed to oxidized low-density lipoprotein // FEBS Lett. 1993. Vol. 332. P. 218-220.
  89. Ross R. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: a perspective for the 1990s // Nature. 1993. Vol. 362. P. 801-809.
  90. Rossig L., Fichtlscherer B., Breitschopf K. et al. Nitric oxide inhibits caspase-3 by S-nitrosation in vivo // J. Biol. Chem. 1999. Vol. 274. P. 6823-6826.
  91. Rusinol A. E., Yang L., Thewke D. et al. Isolation of a somatic cell mutant resistant to the induction of apoptosis by oxidized low density lipoprotein // J. Biol. Chem. 2000. Vol. 275. P. 7296-7303.
  92. Sata M., Perlman H., Muruve D. A. et al. Fas ligand gene transfer to the vessel wall inhibits neointima formation and overrides the adenovirus-mediated T-cell rasponse // Proc. Netl. Acad. Sci. 1998. Vol. 95. P. 1213-1217.
  93. Scheidegger K. J., James R. W, Delafontaine P. Differential effects of low-density lipoproteins on insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and IGF-1 receptor expression in vascular smooth muscle cells // J. Biol. Chem. 2000. Vol. 275. P. 26864-26869.
  94. Schneider P., Holler N., Bodmer J. L. et al. Conversion of membrane-bound Fas (CD95) ligand to its soluble form is associated with down-regulation of its proapoptotic activity and loss of liver toxicity // J. Exp. Med. 1998. Vol. 187. P. 1205-1213.
  95. Stemme S., Holm J., Hansson G. T lymphocytes in human atherosclerotic plaques are merry cells expressing CD45RO and integrin VLA-1 // Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 1992. Vol. 12. P. 206-211.
  96. Suda T., Takahashi T., Golstein P., Nagata S. Molecular cloning and expression of the Fas ligand, a novel member of the tumor necrosis factor family // Cell. 1993. Vol. 75. P. 1169-1178.
  97. Zamzami N., Marchetti P., Castedo M. et al. Reduction in mitochondrial potential constitutes an early irreversible step of programmed lymphocyte death in vivo // J. Exp. Med. 1995. Vol. 181. P. 1661-1672.
  98. Zamzami N., Susin S. A., Marchetti P. et al. Mitochondrial control of nuclear apoptosis // J. Exp. Med. 1996. Vol. 183. P. 1533-1544.
  99. Zheng I., Fisher G., Miller R. E. et al. Induction of apoptosis in mature T cells by tumor necrosis factor // Nature. 1995. Vol. 377. P. 348-351.
  100. Zwaal R. E, Schroit A. J. Pathophysiologic implications of membrane phospholipid asymmetry in blood cells // Blood. 1997. Vol. 89. P. 1121-1132.
  101. Xu Q., Oberhuber G., Gruschwitz M., Wick G. Immunology of atherosclerosis: cellular composition and major histocompatibility complex class II antigen expression in aortic intima, fatty streaks, and atherosclerotic plaques in young and aged human species // Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 1990. Vol. 56. P. 344-359.

Дополнительные файлы

Доп. файлы
Действие
1. JATS XML
Скачать

© Эко-Вектор, 2003


СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
Регистрационный номер и дата принятия решения о регистрации СМИ: серия ПИ № ФС 77 - 74760 от 29.12.2018 г.