Патофизиологические и генетические механизмы мигрени

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Аннотация

Мигрень — гетерогенное неврологическое заболевание, характеризуется развитием периодических приступов сильной пульсирующей головной боли и связанными с ней нарушениями, которые встречаются у 11–15 % взрослого населения планеты. В статье рассмотрены основные формы мигрени — мигрень с аурой, мигрень без ауры, наследственная гемиплегическая мигрень в контексте их основных клинических симптомов, молекулярных генетических факторов риска, участвующих в сосудистых и неврологических процессах, в том числе активации тригеминоваскулярной системы. Акцент сделан на роли полиморфизмов генов гормонов, нейромедиаторов, их рецепторов, дисбаланса ионов, ионных каналов, цитокинов и ростовых факторов, молекул адгезии, метаболических ферментов, матриксных металлопротеиназ, ферментов сосудистого тонуса, антиоксидантной защиты, метаболизма липидов, белков с еще не установленной функцией.

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Александр Николаевич Чернов

Институт экспериментальной медицины

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: al.chernov@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2464-7370
Scopus Author ID: 26649406700

научный сотрудник, отдела общей патологии и патологической физиологии 

Россия, 197376, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Павлова, д. 12

Эльвира Сафуановна Галимова

Институт экспериментальной медицины; Институт эволюционной физиологии и биохимии им. И.М. Сеченова Российской академии наук

Email: elya-4@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8773-0932
Scopus Author ID: 24331659400

канд. биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник междисциплинарной лаборатории нейробиологии

Россия, 197376, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Павлова, д. 12; 194223, Санкт-Петербург, пр. Торезы, д.44

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3. Рис. 2. Схема нейрональных механизмов, лежащих в основе патогенеза мигрени. CGRP — кальцитонин-ген-связанный пептид; АДФ — аденозиндифосфат

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© Чернов А.Н., Галимова Э.С., 2021

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