Pathophysiological and genetic mechanisms of migraine

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Abstract

Migraine is a heterogeneous neurological disease characterized by the development of periodic attacks of severe throbbing headache and related disorders, which occur in 11–15% of the adult population of the planet. The article discusses the main forms of migraine with aura, migraine without aura, hereditary hemiplegic migraine in the context of their main clinical symptoms, molecular genetic risk factors involved in vascular and neurological processes, including activation trigeminovascular system. Emphasis is placed on the role of polymorphisms, hormone genes, neurotransmitters, their receptors, ion imbalance, ion channels, cytokines and growth factors, adhesion molecules, metabolic enzymes, matrix metalloproteases, vascular tone enzymes, antioxidant defense, lipid metabolism, proteins with a not yet established function.

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About the authors

Alexander N. Chernov

Institute for Experimental Medicine

Author for correspondence.
Email: al.chernov@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2464-7370
Scopus Author ID: 26649406700

Research Associate, Department of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology

Russian Federation, 12, Academician Pavlov Str., Saint Petersburg, 197376

Elvira S. Galimova

Institute for Experimental Medicine; Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: elya-4@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8773-0932
Scopus Author ID: 24331659400

Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher of Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Neurobiology

Russian Federation, 12, Academician Pavlov Str., Saint Petersburg, 197376; 44, Toreza prosp, St. Petersburg, 194223

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2. Fig. 1. Diagram of the vascular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of migraine

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3. Fig. 2. Diagram of the neuronal mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of migraine. CGRP, calcitonin gene-related peptide; ADP, adenosine diphosphate

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Copyright (c) 2021 Chernov A.N., Galimova E.S.

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