Роль окислительного стресса в патогенезе расстройств аутистического спектра

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Аннотация

В обзоре отражены сведения о роли окислительного стресса в патогенезе расстройств аутистического спектра. Представлены данные о значении генетической предрасположенности, воздействий факторов внешней среды, эпигенетических влияний в развитии окислительного стресса, который в критические периоды раннего развития мозга оказывает влияние на индукцию и прогрессирование заболевания. Показана роль митохондриальной дисфункции, иммунологических нарушений, повышения проницаемости гематоэнцефалического барьера, гипоперфузии мозга, вызывающих или усугубляющих окислительно-восстановительный дисбаланс у пациентов с расстройствами аутистического спектра. Анализ данных литературы свидетельствует, что повышение в крови и мозге пациентов с расстройствами аутистического спектра содержания супероксиддисмутазы, каталазы, глутатионпероксидазы, глутатионредуктазы, глутатиона, церулоплазмина и трансферрина отражает активацию компенсаторных механизмов. Увеличение в различных биологических средах уровней малонового диальдегида, ксантиноксидазы, оксида азота указывает на недостаточность системы антиоксидантной защиты. Учитывая роль окислительного стресса в патогенезе расстройств аутистического спектра для коррекции метаболических нарушений, показана терапия, включающая препараты антиоксидантной направленности.

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Светлана Георгиевна Белокоскова

Институт экспериментальной медицины

Email: belokoskova.sg@iemspb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0552-4810
SPIN-код: 4317-6620
Scopus Author ID: 6507716078

д-р мед. наук, ст. научн. сотр. Физиологического отдела им. И.П. Павлова

Россия, Санкт-Петербург

Сергей Георгиевич Цикунов

Институт экспериментальной медицины

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: secikunov@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7097-1940
SPIN-код: 7771-1940
Scopus Author ID: 6506948997

д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией психофизиологии эмоций Физиологического отдела им. И.П. Павлова

Россия, Санкт-Петербург

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