Elderly patients with cognitive impairments on an ambulance care
- Authors: Bogdanova T.A.1, Turusheva A.V.1, Frolova E.V.1, Logunov D.L.2
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Affiliations:
- The North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov
- City Polyclinic No. 78
- Issue: Vol 25, No 2 (2021)
- Pages: 19-27
- Section: Original studies
- Submitted: 04.05.2021
- Accepted: 26.05.2021
- Published: 19.07.2021
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/RFD/article/view/70198
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/RFD70198
- ID: 70198
Cite item
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment is one of the most common geriatric syndromes that occur in the elderly. Dementia is a severe cognitive disorder that results in the professional, social, and functional impairment and gradual loss of independence. However, in most cases, the stage of dementia is preceded by a long period of non-dementia cognitive impairment. In this regard, one of the priorities of public health is to identify potentially reversible forms of dementia and cognitive impairment in the early stages.
AIM: To assess demographic characteristics, co-morbidities and factors that are associated with cognitive impairment in adults aged 65 years and over and to determine the prevalence of cognitive disorders in aging population.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: cross-sectional study included all patients aged 65 years and older who attended the ambulance care from 24.10.2019 to 15.12.2019 in Saint Petersburg. Measurements: the Montreal cognitive assessment test, the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale. Data collection included a full medical history, blood pressure measurement, a medication review and blood tests (complete blood count, lipids, hormones, glucose, ALT, AST and creatinine).
RESULTS: The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment was 62.9 % (95 % CI 56-70), severe cognitive impairment — 8.2 %. We detected that hypertension, stroke, sleep disorders, subjective memory complaints and symptoms of depression were identified as factors associated with CI after adjustment for covariates. Hypertension and depression were related with cognitive impairment (p < 0.05). Also patients with depression scored worse in global cognition and attention function (p < 0.05). Patients with diabetes had association with a decrease in abstraction function (p = 0.02). Low hemoglobin levels were related with poor global cognition and memory impairment (p < 0.01). Beta-blocker use was significantly associated with poor global cognition and memory impairment (p < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: We found that elders have a high prevalence of cognitive disorders. We also demonstrated association between co-morbidities and factors as hypertension, anemia, diabetes, depression and administration of beta-blockers with poor cognitive performance in the elderly.
Full Text
About the authors
Tatiana Andreevna Bogdanova
The North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov
Author for correspondence.
Email: bogdanova.t@szgmu.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8636-8003
SPIN-code: 4126-6041
Russian Federation, 41 Kirochnaya str., Saint Petersburg, 191015
Anna V. Turusheva
The North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov
Email: anna.turusheva@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3347-0984
SPIN-code: 9658-8074
ResearcherId: U-3654-2017
MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor
Russian Federation, 41 Kirochnaya str., Saint Petersburg, 191015Elena V. Frolova
The North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov
Email: elena.frolova@szgmu.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5569-5175
SPIN-code: 1212-0030
ResearcherId: O-4134-2014
MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor
Russian Federation, 41 Kirochnaya str., Saint Petersburg, 191015Dmitriy L. Logunov
City Polyclinic No. 78
Email: dmitry_logunov@mail.ru
MD
Russian Federation, Saint PetersburgReferences
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