Measles and rubella are two controlled airborne infections: etiopathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical picture, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Part 1. Measles

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详细

The lecture is devoted to two infections controlled by specific means of prevention — measles and rubella, which still pose a danger both to the sphere of child and maternal health, and to healthcare in general.

The first part of the lecture is devoted to measles, one of the most contagious diseases, outbreaks of which can be successfully prevented through vaccination or, conversely, serve as an indicator of gaps in immunization programs and primary health care systems. The lecture covers modern aspects of etiopathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical picture, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of measles. In the context of an increase in the incidence of this infection in our country and a number of foreign countries in 2023, the information presented in the lecture may be useful for practitioners and, first of all, family doctors.

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作者简介

Vladimir Neverov

North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: v.neveroff@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-7951-5508
SPIN 代码: 1798-2618

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

Galina Kirpichnikova

North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov

Email: sotnik26@bk.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0004-8767-2332

Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Assistant Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

Vsevolod Antonov

North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov

Email: Vsevolod.Antonov@szgmu.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0002-3172-7926
SPIN 代码: 9925-2139

Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

Galina Startseva

North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov

Email: star661@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3660-2666
SPIN 代码: 8392-2950

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

Margarita Klur

North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov

Email: rita-med@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0006-6222-2452

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

参考

  1. WHO EpiBrief: a report on the epidemiology of selected vaccine-preventable diseases in the European Region: N. 2/2023 [Internet]. Available from: https://www.who.int/europe/publications/i/item/WHO-EURO-2023-8231-48003-71091. Accessed: 24 Jan 2024.
  2. WHO EpiData N. 7/2023 [Internet]. Available from: https://www.who.int/europe/publications/m/item/epidata-7-2023. Accessed: 24 Jan 2024.
  3. Operational considerations for planning and implementing catch-up vaccination in the WHO European Region [Internet]. Available from: https://www.who.int/europe/publications/i/item/WHO-EURO-2022-4751-44514-63005. Accessed: 24 Jan 2024.
  4. Measles and rubella strategic framework 2021–2030. WHO. 2020 [Internet]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/measles-and-rubella-strategic-framework-2021-2030. Accessed: 24 Jan 2024.
  5. World Health Organization: Global distribution of measles and rubella genotypes — update. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2006;81(51/52):474–479.
  6. Moss WJ. Measles. Lancet. 2017;390(10111):2490–2502. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31463-0
  7. Patel MK, Goodson JL, Alexander JP Jr, et al: Progress toward regional measles elimination — worldwide, 2000–2019. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020;69(45):1700–1705. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6945a6
  8. De Francesco MA. Measles Resurgence in Europe: an open breakthrough in the field of vaccine-preventable diseases. Pathogens. 2023;12(10):1192. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12101192
  9. Fraser B. Measles outbreak in the Americas. Lancet. 2018;392(10145):373. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31727-6
  10. WHO and CDC Joint News Release (5 December 2019) [Internet]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news/item/05-12-2019-more-than-140-000-die-from-measles-as-cases-surge-worldwide. Accessed: 24 Jan 2024.
  11. Buchanan R, Bonthius DJ. Measles virus and associated central nervous system sequelae. Semin Pediatr Neurol. 2012;19(3):107–114. doi: 10.1016/j.spen.2012.02.003
  12. Noyce RS, Bondre DG, Ha MN, et al. Tumor cell marker PVRL4 (nectin 4) is an epithelial cell receptor for measles virus. PLoS Pathog. 2011;7(8):e1002240. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002240
  13. Jiang Y, Qin Y, Chen M. Host–Pathogen interactions in measles virus replication and anti-viral immunity. Viruses. 2016;8(11):308. doi: 10.3390/v8110308
  14. Rima BK, Duprex WP. New concepts in measles virus replication: getting in and out in vivo and modulating the host cell environment. Virus Res. 2011;162:47–62. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.09.021
  15. Sakamoto K, Konami M, Satoh Y, et al. Suppression of viral RNA polymerase activity is necessary for persistent infection during the transformation of measles virus into SSPE virus. PLoS Pathog. 2023;19(7):e1011528. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011528
  16. Clinical recommendations (treatment protocol) for providing medical care to children with measles. 2015 [Internet]. Available from: http://niidi.ru/dotAsset/eed9b132-1dc0-4adc-8833-092e5e36fa66.pdf. Accessed: 06.07.2023. (In Russ.)
  17. Sudfeld CR, Navar AM, Halsey NA. Effectiveness of measles vaccination and vitamin A treatment. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):i48–55. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyq021

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