Akkermansia muciniphila: 20 years since its discovery, research results, prospects for use for the correction of metabolic disorders in children.



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Akkermansia muciniphila is a bacterium that was first described in 2004 and has since attracted the attention of scientists and medical professionals due to its potential impact on human health.
According to the World Health Organization (2024), the number of obese adults has exceeded 890 million and continues to grow.
In Russia, the incidence of obesity in children is also currently growing steadily. Between 2010 and 2020, the share of pediatric pathologies increased from 6.7% to 9.1%. The intestinal microbiota and its metabolic products are actively involved in the regulation of the metabolic activity of the gastrointestinal tract.
It has been established that the P9 protein secreted by A. muciniphila into the environment can specifically increase the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) through interaction with ICAM-2, thereby improving glucose homeostasis and alleviating the course of diseases accompanied by metabolic disorders in mice, in particular, type 2 diabetes mellitus.
A decrease in A. muciniphila in the intestinal contents negatively correlates with the concentration of glucose, lipids in the blood and body weight of a person.
Oral administration of A. muciniphila significantly decreased the serum levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines LBP, IL-1β  and increased the serum levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in rats with induced diabetes mellitus, indicating the anti-inflammatory effect of A. muciniphila.
Studies of A. muciniphila conducted in recent years demonstrate not only its high therapeutic but also prophylactic potential.
Understanding the association between dietary fiber and gut microbiota, its bioavailability and potential health benefits contributes to the development of healthy foods, improved eating habits and disease prevention.
A. muciniphila has been identified as a potential probiotic drug candidate that plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis, including in children under 5 years of age.
It is interesting to note that the positive effects persist in the presence of non-viable A. muciniphila, which confirms the effect of using bacteria of this species as a postbiotic or synbiotic.

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Alexander Ustiuzhanin

Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Уральский государственный медицинский университет" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации

Email: ust103@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8521-7652

доцент кафедры Медицинской микробиологии и клинической лабораторной диагностики 

俄罗斯联邦

Margarita Ustiuzhanina

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: ustmargarita@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4285-6902

Tatiana Smirnova

Email: tanya_bondarenko@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0004-2920-2623

Lucia Zakirova

Email: zakirova-69@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3598-4199
俄罗斯联邦

参考

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