On spontaneity, variability and directed evolution. Whether it is necessary to push foreheads inherited or acquired features?

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Abstract

It seems, that historically the problem of oppose inherited features vs acquired is mainly two-causes problem. The first is an insufficient knowledge about mechanisms how acquired phenotypic feature could became inherited.

The second is semiotic or more precisely semantic. Any “language itself contained the seeds of the problem” because of ambiguous interpreting of same terms by different scientists. Human specific understanding of any term, which depends on their different education, specificity of different languages, usage of metaphors and analogies, etc., create “unintended illusions” of real truth.

This brief theoretical study attempts to consider adaptively significant traits as gradually moving from the category of non-heritable to heritable ones. The conceptual approach used makes it possible to erase the contradictions between the interrelated concepts of “acquired” and “inherited” features.

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About the authors

Eugene V. Daev

Saint Petersburg State University; Pavlov Institute of Physiology Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: mouse_gene@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2036-6790
SPIN-code: 8926-6034

Dr. Sci. (Biol.)

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg; Saint Petersburg

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2. Figure. General idea of the acquisition of any trait by a living organism and the gradual transition of non-inherited traits into the category of inherited ones (a); non-random distribution of genomic changes and corresponding positive selection of the desired phenotype due to changes in the genes of interest (b). EF — environmental factors; Ph — phenotype; GC, PhC, RC — genetic, phenetic and regulatory changes; EpiGC — “epigenetic” changes (reversible base modifications); AT — acquired traits (NI, TI, I — non-inherited, temporarily inherited or inherited, respectively); NS — shows the constant action of the environmental filter — natural selection. Genes “of interest” — genes, which work is activated under conditions of medium pressure on a certain phen

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