Chronic dust bronchitis: composition of the sputum bacterial microbiome and its association with chromosome damage in blood lymphocytes

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Recent studies show that the bacterial microbiome of the respiratory tract can influence the development of a number of diseases of the human respiratory system. Changes in the composition of the microbiome in patients are associated with dysbiosis, and in addition, many bacteria have a genotoxic potential and can directly or indirectly damage the genome in the cells of the host organism.

AIM: The aim of the study was to analyze the composition of the sputum microbiome and its relationship with chromosome damage in the blood leukocytes of patients with chronic dust bronchitis (CDB).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The taxonomic composition of the sputum microbiome of 22 patients with CKD and 22 sputum donors from the control group was studied using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology of 16S rRNA of bacterial genes. At the same time, the basic frequencies of chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei were determined in blood leukocytes.

RESULTS: The sputum microbiome of chronic dust bronchitis patients had a significant reduction in alpha and beta diversity parameters compared to healthy study participants. In addition, an increase in the relative abundance of the genus Streptococcus (29.97 ± 3.03 vs. 18.78 ± 2.47; p = 0.003) was found in the sputum of CP patients compared with the control. Thus, the results of metagenome sequencing indicate a common dysbiotic process with a predominance of one dominant genus of bacteria in this pulmonary pathology. The results of cytogenetic analysis of blood leukocytes showed a significant increase in the proportion of aberrant metaphases in CKD patients compared with healthy donors (3.41% vs. 1.84%; p < 0.01) and the absence of significant differences in frequency leukocytes with micronuclei between the compared groups (1.28% vs. 1.11%). Correlation analysis revealed the presence of significant direct relationships between the frequency of aberrant metaphases and the percentage of representatives of the genera Bacteroides in the sputum of patients with chronic dust bronchitis (r = 0.471; p = 0.031); Lachnoanaerobaculum (r = 0.446; p = 0.043) and Alloprevotella (r = 0.444; p = 0.044). Further studies should be devoted to the search for possible mechanisms of influence of these bacteria on clastogenic effects in the cells of the host organism.

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About the authors

Vladimir G. Druzhinin

Kemerovo State University; Kemerovo State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: druzhinin_vladim@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5534-2062
SPIN-code: 6277-4704
Scopus Author ID: 7007062411

Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Professor, Professor of the Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine

Russian Federation, Kemerovo; Kemerovo

Elizaveta D. Baranova

Kemerovo State University

Email: laveivana@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9503-8500
SPIN-code: 9000-9016

Junior Research Associate, Science and Innovation Department

Russian Federation, Kemerovo

Pavel S. Demenkov

Novosibirsk State University

Email: demps@bionet.nsc.ru
SPIN-code: 1172-7270

Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Associate Professor of the Department of Discrete Mathematics and Informatics

Russian Federation, Novosibirsk

Lyudmila V. Matskova

Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University; Karolinska Institutet

Email: liudmila.matskova@ki.se
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3174-1560
SPIN-code: 4756-7437
Scopus Author ID: 6507748788

Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Professor-Rresearcher, Microbiology and Biotechnology Unit of School of Life Science

Russian Federation, Kaliningrad; Stockholm

Snezhana A. Paradnikova

Kemerovo State University

Email: bird.doctor@inbox.ru

Student, Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine

Russian Federation, Kemerovo

Valentin P. Volobaev

Kemerovo State University

Email: volobaev.vp@gmail.com
SPIN-code: 2805-5700

Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Research Associate, Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine

Russian Federation, Kemerovo

Alexei V. Larionov

Kemerovo State University

Email: alekseylarionov09@gmail.com
SPIN-code: 5360-4410

Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Genetics and Fundamental Medicine

Russian Federation, Kemerovo

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Shannon diversity index of microbiomes in chronic dust bronchitis patients and controls. Kruskal–Wallis test (p = 0.001). Span charts show the quartiles of a distribution; minimum and maximum values are displayed

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3. Fig. 2. Two-dimensional diagram constructed by the method of principal components analysis demonstrating the phylogenetic diversity of prokaryotic sputum communities in chronic dust bronchitis patients and control subjects

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4. Fig. 3. Representation of the type Bacteroidetes in the sputum of chronic bronchitis patients, differentiated by the level of chromosomal aberrations in blood lymphocytes

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