Molecular-genetic nature of resistance of the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus 1758) to pyrethroids



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Abstract

The diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) is a globally significant pest of cruciferous crops, causing substantial economic losses. Resistance to pyrethroid insecticides, widely used for its control, has become a major issue. This study explores the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying pyrethroid resistance in P. xylostella, focusing on mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene (para), which is the primary target of pyrethroids.
The review involved the analysis of P. xylostella populations from various regions, particularly in Asia and Australia, where resistance to pyrethroids is prevalent. Molecular techniques, including KASP assays, PCR-based genotyping, and sequencing, were employed to identify and characterize resistance-associated mutations in the para gene. 
Several key mutations in the para PxNav were identified, including L1014F, T929I, and M918I, which are associated with pyrethroid resistance. These mutations were found to be widespread in Asian populations, with high frequencies observed in China. An analysis of the literature on resistance mechanisms in other insect species revealed resistance mutations at the same sites in a wide range of species, indicating its common mechanisms.
The identified mutations in the para gene provide valuable markers for resistance detection. The development of diagnostic tools based on these findings is crucial for effective resistance management and sustainable pest control. The review also emphasizes the need for integrated pest management (IPM) approaches to mitigate the spread of resistance and reduce reliance on chemical insecticides

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About the authors

Dmitry Aleksandrovich Emelianov

Author for correspondence.
Email: dimitriy.nord@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0308-6108
Russian Federation

Fedor Denisovich Bogomaz

Email: pickayut2006@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-4885-3904

Ksenia Alekseevna Shabanova

Email: kotukkc@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0009-3296-3868

Tatiana V. Matveeva

Saint Petersburg State University; All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection

Email: radishlet@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8569-6665
SPIN-code: 3877-6598
Scopus Author ID: 7006494611

Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor, department of genetics and biotechnology

Russian Federation, 7–9 Universitetskaya emb., Saint Petersburg, 199034; Saint Petersburg

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