The clinical early outcomes of treatment of premature babies

Abstract

The development of technology to care of very low birth-weight infants is the cause of survival of these patients. In intensive care the mortality of premature infants’ unit with birth weight <1000 was decreased from 64% to 40% and with birth weight 1001-1500g was decreased from 40% to 27%. But it is known, that decrease of mortality in some group of this patients creates other serious problem - the quality of future life. The purpose of this study was to determine how low grade of prematurity would influence on rate intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), retinopathy of premature (ROP) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).

Full Text

The development of technology to care of very low birth-weight infants is the cause of survival of these patients. In intensive care the mortality of premature infants’ unit with birth weight <1000 was decreased from 64% to 40% and with birth weight 1001-1500g was decreased from 40% to 27%. But it is known, that decrease of mortality in some group of this patients creates other serious problem - the quality of future life. The purpose of this study was to determine how low grade of prematurity would influence on rate intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), retinopathy of premature (ROP) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). In this study were including 120 survival patients of intensive care unit with birth weights<1500 g, who were treated in 1998year. The most serious clinical problems were ICG, BPD and ROP. Diagnosis of ICG was based on the dates of head ultrasound scan. Findings described according to Papite’s grading criteria. Diagnosis of BPD was performed according with criteria described by Northway. Diagnosis of ROP was based on dates of indirect ophthalmoscopy examination. Grades of ROP were defined according to international classification. The patients were allocated in two groups: group A (n=32) with birth weight <1000g (mean 867 g; range 620-1000), gestation age <28 weeks (mean 25,4; range 22-28) and group В (n=88) with birth weight 1001-1500 g (mean 1229; range 1030-1500), gestation age 29-32 weeks (mean 29; range 28-32). Hypotheses of difference for nominal data were tested with the x2 test. There were statistically significant between patients of group A and В in the incidence of BPD, severe ICG and ROP. In group A 8 patients (25%) had ICG 3-4 grades and 4 patients (4%) of group В had ICG 3-4 grade (p<0,05). ICG 2 grade had 3 patients (9%) and 10 patients (11%) in groups A and В, respectively. Group A contains of 8 patients (25%) with ICG 1 grades and group В — 26 patients (29%). In group A 7 babies (21%) suffered from BPD 2-3 and nobody in group B. There were 7 cases (21%) of the severe ROP (3-4 grade) in group A only. These results suggest that a low gestational age associated with high incidence of severe perinatal injure central neuroses and respiratory systems. Further development technology of care of premature newborn babies should reduce the incidence of cerebral and lung lesions and thus guarantee a better quality of survival.