Pentaglobin influens on immunoglobulin serum and trachea levels in ventilated newborn infants with respiratory distress syndrome

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Objective. The immune deficiency of preterm infant, the low rate of passively acquired maternal antibodies, is one of the main reasons of pneumonia in the ventilated newborn infants with respiratory distress syndrome.

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Methods. 50 preterm neonates (gestation age ranging between 27-34 weeks and birth weight between 990 g - 2500 g were treated with pentagtobin in the dose 5 ml/kg/day within three days. Evidence for the appointment of the preparation were early occurring tracheitis, virus-bacterial pneumonia. Serum and tracheal immunoglobulin concentration measured on 1-2 of life and 7-9 days (after pentaglobin infusion).

Results. On 1-2 days, the serum levels were Ig G - 2,9±0,2 g/l, IgM - 0,42±0,02 g/l, IgA -0,13±0,08 g/l. The infusion of pentaglobin resulted in statistical increasement of all immunoglobulins: IgG- 4,8±1,2 g/l (p>0.05), IgM - 1,2±0,1 g/l (p<0,05), IgA - 0,58±0,13 g/l (p<0,05). The tracheal concentration exceeded the initial levels in 15,1, 6,3 and 1,5 times.

Conclusions. Use of pentaglobin in complex treatment contributed a reducing duration infectious toxicosis, a decrease of inflammatory process and period of mechanical ventilation of newborns with tracheitis, virus-bacterial pneumonia.