Retinol and Alpha-Tocopherol Levels in Women With Different Levels of Phosphatidylethanol in the First Trimester of Pregnancy

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BACKGROUND: Alcohol negatively affects the fetus, especially in the early stages of gestation. Ethanol promotes the formation of reactive species that are inactivated by the antioxidant defense system. Its important components are fat-soluble vitamins such as retinol and alpha-tocopherol. In this regard, the problem of optimizing the supply of these vitamins during pregnancy is extremely relevant. Both hypo- and hypervitaminosis can contribute to the development of pregnancy complications and the occurrence of fetal developmental abnormalities.

AIM: The aim of this study was to assess retinol and alpha-tocopherol levels in the blood of women in the first trimester of pregnancy depending on the level of the alcohol consumption biomarker phosphatidylethanol.

METHODS: This study included 167 women in the first trimester of pregnancy and 37 non-pregnant women of reproductive age. To identify the fact and amount of alcohol consumption, we performed a quantitative determination of phosphatidylethanol 16:0/18:1 in blood plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Depending on the phosphatidylethanol concentration, groups of women consuming different doses of alcohol were identified: Group 1 — phosphatidylethanol value ≤ 8 ng/ml (non-drinkers, n = 63); Group 2 — phosphatidylethanol value ranged from 8 to 45 ng/ml (drinkers of less than one dose, n = 68); Group 3 — phosphatidylethanol value > 45 ng/ml (drinkers of more than one dose, n = 36). The levels of retinol and alpha-tocopherol were determined by the fluorimetric method.

RESULTS: Both the alpha-tocopherol and retinol levels were higher in Groups 2 and 3 compared to the control values (p < 0.05). When compared to the group of non-pregnant women, the alpha-tocopherol level was lower in the groups of non-drinking pregnant women (p < 0.001) and those drinking less than one dose of alcohol (p = 0.012), with the retinol level being lower only in the group of non-drinking women (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: Even small doses of alcohol consumed by pregnant women affect the retinol and alpha-tocopherol levels, which can increase the risk of pregnancy complications and fetal abnormalities.

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作者简介

Olga Nikitina

Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: olga_tolpygina@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1926-9694
SPIN 代码: 1799-4973

Cand. Sci. (Biology)

俄罗斯联邦, Irkutsk

Natalya Semenova

Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems

Email: natkor_84@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6512-1335
SPIN 代码: 6606-0160

Dr. Sci. (Biology)

俄罗斯联邦, Irkutsk

Anastasia Karacheva

Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems

Email: kalkova_nastya@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7626-020X
SPIN 代码: 3082-0796
俄罗斯联邦, Irkutsk

Elizaveta Novikova

Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems

Email: yelizaveta_novikova_2001@bk.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0001-1207-3309
SPIN 代码: 2734-2998
俄罗斯联邦, Irkutsk

Anait Marianian

Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems

Email: anait_24@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9544-2172
SPIN 代码: 2584-6861

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Irkutsk

Sergey Kolesnikov

Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems

Email: sikolesnikov2012@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2124-6328
SPIN 代码: 1752-6695

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation

俄罗斯联邦, Irkutsk

Tatyana Bairova

Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems

Email: iphr@sbamsr.irk.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3704-830X
SPIN 代码: 2039-3728

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)

俄罗斯联邦, Irkutsk

Aleksey Belskikh

Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems

Email: alex590750@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3678-7274
SPIN 代码: 2004-1578

Cand. Sci. (Chemistry)

俄罗斯联邦, Irkutsk

Elena Belyaeva

Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems

Email: belyeva_irk@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6050-5287
SPIN 代码: 7865-3241

Cand. Sci. (Biology)

俄罗斯联邦, Irkutsk

Alexandra Sambyalova

Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems

Email: sambialova95@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5790-6282
SPIN 代码: 3435-5028

MD

俄罗斯联邦, Irkutsk

Oxana Ershova

Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems

Email: oksana111088@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0690-4636
SPIN 代码: 3002-7757

Cand. Sci. (Biology)

俄罗斯联邦, Irkutsk

Lubov Kolesnikova

Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems

Email: iphr@sbamsr.irk.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3354-2992
SPIN 代码: 1584-0281

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation

俄罗斯联邦, Irkutsk

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2. Fig. 1. Plasma alpha-tocopherol levels in women with different levels of phosphatidylethanol in the blood (≤ 8 ng/ml; from 8 to 45 ng/ml; > 45 ng/ml) in the first trimester of pregnancy.

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3. Fig. 2. Plasma retinol levels in women with different levels of phosphatidylethanol in the blood (≤ 8 ng/ml; from 8 to 45 ng/ml; > 45 ng/ml) in the first trimester of pregnancy.

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СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
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СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
Регистрационный номер и дата принятия решения о регистрации СМИ: серия Эл № 77 - 6389 от 15.07.2002 г.