Anatomical peculiarities of the sphenoidal sinus based on computed tomography data: structural types and correlation with maxillary sinuses

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Abstract

Detailed knowledge of anatomy and topography of sphenoidal and maxillary sinuses may help to improve surgical approaches, better predict postoperative complications, increase safety of surgical techniques, and, consequently, avoid inflammatory reactions. This also helps to determine the cause of inflammatory changes.

Aim. This study aimed to analyze structural types of sphenoidal and maxillary sinuses by examining computed tomography (CT) images of the paranasal sinuses, to determine the frequency of the interposition of the internal carotid artery, and to identify sex- and age-related peculiarities and regularities in the extent of pneumatization and contents in the sphenoidal and maxillary sinuses.

Materials and Methods. CT images of 50 patients who were receiving treatment in the otolaryngology unit of the Clinic of SamSMU were analyzed. Toshiba Aquilion 32 CT scanner was used.

Results. Patients were divided into three groups according to Hamberger classification of the pneumatization of the sphenoidal sinus by taking into account the topographic relation to the sella turcica using CT data: the presellar type was identified in 10% (n=5) of the cases, the sellar type in 22% (n=11), and the postsellar type in 68% (n=34). The postsellar type is the most common structural type of the sphenoidal sinus. Moreover, patients were divided into groups by the type of pneumatization of the maxillary sinuses. No correlation was found between the pneumatizations of sphenoidal and maxillary sinuses. Moderate negative correlation was observed between age and structural type of the sinuses, and moderate positive correlation was found between the contents of the sinuses. Interposition of the internal carotid arteries was identified in 3 (6%) patients.

Conclusions. Our data revealed that the postsellar type is the most common structural type of sphenoidal sinuses. The extent of pneumatization of the sphenoidal and maxillary sinuses is independent of each other. Anatomical peculiarities of the sphenoidal sinus in the form of the interposition of the internal carotid arteries are not very rare and should be taken into account in planning surgical interventions.

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About the authors

Olesya V. Zeleva

Samara State Medical University

Email: info@eco-vector.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8136-7773
SPIN-code: 8139-1391

ENT specialist of the Clinic, Samara State Medical University, Samara State Medical University

Russian Federation, Samara

Pavel M. Zelter

Samara State Medical University

Email: pzelter@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1346-5942
SPIN-code: 3678-3932

MD, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Radiology and Radiation Therapy with a Medical Informatics Course, Samara State Medical University

Russian Federation, Samara

Alexander V. Kolsanov

Samara state medical university

Email: info@eco-vector.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4144-7090
SPIN-code: 2028-6609
ResearcherId: B-6050-2018

MD, PhD, Professor, Professor of RAS, Rector, Samara State Medical University

Russian Federation, Samara

Yuliya S. Pyshkina

Samara state medical university

Author for correspondence.
Email: yu.pyshkina@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7241-6828
SPIN-code: 4225-1020
ResearcherId: R-4684-2020

MD, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Radiology and Radiation Therapy with a Medical Informatics Course, Samara State Medical University

Russian Federation, Samara

Evgeniya K. Kramm

Samara state medical university

Email: info@eco-vector.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3029-8787

Assistant of the Department of Radiology and Radiation Therapy with a Medical Informatics Course, Samara State Medical University

Russian Federation, Samara

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2. Fig. 1. Structural types of the sphenoidal sinus: a – presellar type. The bottom of the sella turcica is not pneumatized and is represented by a spongy bone tissue; b – sellar type. The bottom of the sella turcica is pneumatized, and pneumatization does not cross the level of the back of the sella turcica. The junction is visualized in the frontal part of the sinus; c – postsellar type. The bottom of the sella turcica is pneumatized, and pneumatization crosses the level of the back of the sella turcica

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3. Fig. 2. Structural types of the sphenoidal sinus

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4. Fig. 3. CT image of the paranasal sinuses in sagittal and axial planes. The internal carotid arteries deform the cavity of the sphenoidal sinus (arrows)

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Copyright (c) 2021 Pyshkina Y., Zelter P.


Media Registry Entry of the Federal Service for Supervision of Communications, Information Technology and Mass Communications (Roskomnadzor) PI No. FS77-76803 dated September 24, 2019.



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