The role of lectures in the modern educational space

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Abstract

This article presents the authors’ personal views on the role, the place and the forms of lecture teaching of the morphological disciplines at the medical universities. Historical analysis shows that lecture has traditionally been the leading form of a university education. At the same time, the increasing requirements for the quality and efficiency of the modern educational process, the intensive intercalation of computer technologies in education and medicine raise the question of the preferred methods of conducting this type of classes. In addition, the difficult epidemiological situation, that is observed today around the world, has made its own adjustments to this discussion. The article provides a comparative overview of the various forms of presentation of lecture material (face-to-face lectures, online lectures in synchronous and asynchronous versions), and details the advantages and the disadvantages of each of them. Evaluating the positive and the negative aspects of the remote lectures, we can say that this format is not perfect for studying at a medical university. Moreover, it is not suitable for giving lectures on human anatomy because their demonstrativeness suffers. “A lecture is a parade of a department”, – noticed the academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences V.N. Shevkunenko. It can give an ability for a creativity, a lifeline in the process of a powerful flow of information to a student, select the most useful and necessary things, promote the development of а professional competence, help to find guidelines, life values and meanings. All this can be fully implemented only with “live” communication in а lecture audience, which is the secret of the longevity of a lecture.

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About the authors

S. A. Andreeva

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: andreyevas@live.ru

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Human Anatomy

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

N. R. Karelina

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: karelina_nr@mail.ru

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head, Department of Human Anatomy

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

T. I. Kim

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: info@eco-vector.com

Senior Teacher, Department of Human Anatomy

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

L. Y. Artyukh

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: l-artyukh@mail.ru

Assistant Professor, Department of Human Anatomy

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

M. L. Opedizano

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: kafedraanatomii2019@gmail.com

Laboratory Assistant, Department of Human Anatomy

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Nikolai I. Pirogov in the painting by L. Koshtelyanchuk “After surgery” [22]

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3. Fig. 2. Lecture on anatomy during the Hellenistic period

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4. Fig. 3. Studies of human anatomy in ancient Egypt [20]

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5. Fig. 4. Lecture on anatomy in London. John Bannister, 1580 [19]

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6. Fig. 5. “Dr. Tulp’s Anatomy Lesson” is a painting by Rembrandt, painted in 1632 [18]

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7. Fig. 6. Students of the Institute of Maternity and Infancy Protection (now SPbSPMU) of the newly formed Department of Human Anatomy under the guidance of Professor Konstantin V. Romadanovsky [10]

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8. Fig. 7. Viktor N. Shevkunenko – Academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, Honored Scientist of the RSFSR, laureate of the State Prize of the first degree, Professor, Lieutenant General of the medical Service, head of the Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov. Of great importance is the doctrine created by him and widely developed about the individual anatomical variability of organs and systems of the human body. Scientific activity of V.N. Shevkunenko and his school, whose representatives are A.V. Antelava, F.I. Valker, P.A. Kupriyanov, E.M. Margolin and others, played a significant role in the development of topographic anatomy and operative surgery in the USSR [6, 15]

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9. Fig. 8. Dmitry A. Zhdanov is an academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, Head of the Department of Human Anatomy of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical Institute [15]

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10. Fig. 9. Vladimir N. Tonkov – Academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, Honored Scientist, Professor, Head of the Department of normal anatomy of the Military Medical Academy (1915–1950), Head (President) Military Medical Academy (1917–1925), lieutenant general of the medical service, founder of the functional and experimental direction in anatomy, head of the anatomical school for the study of collateral circulation, an outstanding lecturer of his time [15]

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11. Fig. 10. Vasily V. Kupriyanov is an outstanding anatomist, researcher of the morphology of the nervous system, creator of the doctrine of microcirculation. Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Head of the laboratory of microcirculation and electron microscopy of the 2nd Moscow Medical Institute named after N.I. Pirogov [15]

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12. Fig. 11. Georgy F. Vsevolodov — Professor, Head of the Department of normal anatomy of Leningrad Pediatric Medical Institute. A& student of academician V.N. Tonkov, an outstanding lecturer of the XX century &[15]

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13. Fig. 12. Efim A. Dyskin (1923–2012) – Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Professor, Hero of the Soviet Union, Head of the Department of normal anatomy (1968–1988), major general of the medical service. A brilliant lecturer of our time [15]

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14. Fig. 13. Mikhail R. Sapin is a Soviet and Russian anatomist, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Professor, Head of the Department of Human Anatomy of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University [15]

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15. Fig. 14. The continuers of the traditions of reading a lecture on human anatomy in the XXI century: from left to right – Professor I.V. Gaivoronsky (disciple of E.A. Dyskin, V.V. Kupriyanov), Professor N.R. Karelina (disciple of G.F. Vsevolodov, V.V. Kupriyanov, M.R. Sapin), Professor T.D. Pozharisskaya (disciple of M.G. Prives), Professor R.M. Khairullin (disciple of M.R. Sapin) [15]

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Copyright (c) 2021 Andreeva S.A., Karelina N.R., Kim T.I., Artyukh L.Y., Opedizano M.L.

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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