Embryonic development and the structure of the growth plate

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This article presents modern data on embryonic development and zonal structure of the meta-epiphyseal growth plate in which dysfunction has an important role in the formation of skeletal deformities in children.

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Vladimir Zavarukhin

The Turner Institute for Children’s Orthopedics, Saint-Petersburg

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: zavarukhin.md@gmail.com
MD, research associate of the department of reconstructive microsurgery and hand surgery. The Turner Scientific and Research Institute for Children’s Orthopedics. 俄罗斯联邦

Ekaterina Morenko

The Turner Institute for Children’s Orthopedics, Saint-Petersburg

Email: emorenko@gmail.com
resident The Turner Scientific and Research Institute for Children’s Orthopedics. 俄罗斯联邦

Maxim Sviridov

The Turner Institute for Children’s Orthopedics, Saint-Petersburg

Email: mksviridov@mail.ru
MD, PhD student of the department of reconstructive microsurgery and hand surgery. The Turner Scientific and Research Institute for Children’s Orthopedics. 俄罗斯联邦

Anton Govorov

The Turner Institute for Children’s Orthopedics, Saint-Petersburg

Email: agovorov@yandex.ru
MD, PhD, research associate of the department of reconstructive microsurgery and hand surgery. The Turner Scientific and Research Institute for Children’s Orthopedics. 俄罗斯联邦

参考

  1. Scott B, Pease D. Electron microscopy of the epiphyseal apparatus. The Anatomical record. 2005;126(4):465-95. doi: 10.1002/ar.1091260405.
  2. Павлова В.Н., Копьева Т.Н., Слуцкий Л.И., Павлов Г.Г. Хрящ. – М.: Медицина, 1988. – 320 с. [Pavlova VN, Kop,eva TN, Slutskiy LI, Pavlov GG. Khryashch. Moscow, 1988. 320 p.]
  3. Piszczatowski S. Material aspects of growth plane modeling using Carter,s and Stoke,s approaches. Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics. 2011;13(3):3-14.
  4. Emons J, Chagin A, Malmlof T, et al. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the growth plate is stimulated by estradiol and increases during pubertal development. Journal of Endocrinology. 2010;205:61-68. doi: 10.1677/JOE09-03-37.
  5. Ornitz D, Marie P. FGF signaling pathways in endochondral and intramembranous bone development and human genetic disease. Genes and Development. 2002;16:1446-1465. doi: 10.1101/gad.990702.
  6. Zelzer E, Olsen B. Multi roles of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in skeletal development, growth, and repair. Current Topics in Developmental Biology. 2004;65;169-87. doi: 10.10.16/s0070-2153(04)65006-x.
  7. Horton J, Bariteau J, et al. Ontogeny of skeletal maturation in the juvenile rat. Anat. Rec (Hoboken). 2008;291(3):283-292. doi: 10.1002/ar.20650.
  8. Anenisia Coelho de Andrade. Local regulation of growth plane chondrocytes: molecular mechanisms and implications for longitudinal bone growth. Thesis for doctor degree (Ph. D). 2010.
  9. Ballock R, Regis J. The biology of the growth plane. JBJS. ORG. 2003;85(4):715-726.
  10. Villemure I, Stokes A. Growth plane mechanics and mechanobiology. A survey of present understanding. The Journal of biomechanics. 2009;42:1793-1803. doi: 10.1016/j.biomech.2009.05.021.
  11. Abad V, Meyers J, Weise M, et al. The role of resting zone in growth plane chondrogenesis. Endocrinology. 2002;43(5):1851-1857. doi: 10.1210/en.1435.1851.
  12. Nowlan N, Sharpe J, Prendergast P, et al. Mechanobiology of embryonic skeletal development: insights from animal models. Birth defects Rec C Embryo Today. 2010;90(3):203-213. doi: 10.1002/bdrc.20184.
  13. Myllyharju J. Extracellular matrix and developing growth plane. Curr osteoporos rep. 2014;12:439-445. doi: 10.1007/s11914-014-0232-1.
  14. Заварухин В.И., Баиндурашвили А.Г., Говоров А.В. Брахиметакарпия: особенности патологии и ее оперативного лечения. // Травматология и ортопедия России. 2013;4(70):33-41. [Zavarukhin VI, Baindurashvili AG, Govorov AV. Brakhimetakarpiya: osobennosti patologii I ee operativnogo lecheniya. Travmatologiya I ortopediy Rossii. 2013;4(70):33-41.]

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版权所有 © Zavarukhin V.I., Morenko E.S., Sviridov M.K., Govorov A.V., 2015

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