A Photometric Method for Measuring Ankle Dorsiflexion Reproducibility in Young Athletes

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BACKGROUND: Ankle dorsiflexion is one of the most important biomechanical indicators of the potential functional capacity of the foot. Its quantitative assessment is crucial in clinical evaluation, and in determining children’s readiness for sports and their potential risk of sports-related injuries.

AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the reproducibility of a photometric method for measuring ankle dorsiflexion angles in young athletes in relation to the conventional goniometric method.

METHODS: This study included 30 children aged 6–12 years who participated in regular sports activities and had not been diagnosed with orthopedic disorders. Dorsiflexion was measured by two independent specialists using goniometry and photometry based on anatomical landmarks. Inter-rater reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The agreement between the methods was analyzed using Bland–Altman plots.

RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences (t-test: p = 0.04) in mean dorsiflexion angles between the goniometry measurement (17.15°) and the photometry measurement (18.1°). Photometry-based measurements exhibited higher inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.91) than goniometry-based measurements (ICC = 0.78).

CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that the photometric method of measuring ankle dorsiflexion in children is a reliable and reproducible tool that can be recommended for practical use and monitoring for physically active children.

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作者简介

Leonid Gorobets

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery; Medical Home

Email: gorobetsleonid@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9424-3713
俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg; Rostov-on-Don

Andrey Sapogovskiy

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery

Email: sapogovskiy@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5762-4477
SPIN 代码: 2068-2102

MD, PhD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

Evgenii Melchenko

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery

Email: emelchenko@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1139-5573
SPIN 代码: 1552-8550

MD, PhD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

Aleksandr Kasev

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery; Arkhangelsk Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital named after P.G. Vyzhletsov

Email: an.kasev@aodkb29.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0006-0802-4949
SPIN 代码: 6193-3610
俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg; Arkhangelsk

Vladimir Kenis

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: kenis@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7651-8485
SPIN 代码: 5597-8832

MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

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2. Fig. 1. Landmarks for positioning the goniometer and markers: A — the head of the V metatarsal; B — the lower point on the lateral surface of the foot; C — the outer ankle; D — the horizontal surface; E — the head of the fibula; black solid line — the line connecting points B and E; black dotted line — continuation the previous one; the red line is the line connecting points A and B. The image is adapted with changes from [DOI: 10.7547/87507315-86-5-205]. © Rome K., 1996. Distributed under the terms of the CC BY-NC 4.0 license.

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3. Fig. 2. An example of photometric estimation of the angle of dorsal flexion.

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4. 3. The Bland–Altman diagram of consistency between goniometry and photometry.

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