Possibilities of using allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells and wound dressings based on aliphatic copolyamide in microautodermoplasty

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Abstract

Background. The treatment of victims with wound defects is an urgent problem of clinical medicine that doctors of various specialties, mainly surgeons and traumatologists, must face. Regardless of the etiology of the traumatic agent, the wound process is always subjected to fundamental pathophysiological processes. Despite the advances made by medical science in the local treatment of wounds (cell technology, modern wound coverings, and others), surgical procedures remain the main methods, and the search for new techniques to optimize reparative regeneration continues. This ongoing search indicates the absence of a universal algorithm for treating such defects. This lack of a universal treatment algorithm is of particular importance for assisting victims with extensive defects, which often leads to a shortage of donor resources.

Aim. The aim of this study was to increase the efficiency of microautodermoplasty due to the use of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells and wound dressings based on aliphatic copolyamide.

Materials and methods. This paper presents the results of an experimental study involving 50 rats. All animals were divided into groups considering the choice of the method of the local treatment. The experimental wound was modeled according to its original technique. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the analyzed methods was performed using planimetric and histological research methods, and by calculating the healing index.

Results. The most effective methods for treating experimental wounds using microautodermoplasty (MADP) are wound dressings based on aliphatic copolyamide (CoPA) and adipogenic mesenchymal stem cells (AMSC). By 28 days of treatment after performing MADP + CoPA wound dressings + AMSC, it was possible to reduce the defect area by 16 times compared with the control, and the healing index was the maximum value among all methods — 12.5 units. The high regenerative potential was also confirmed by the results of the histological examination. The worst results were found in the MADP group with AMSK that did not cover the wounds with skin or wound dressing.

Conclusion. The introduction of the analyzed methods into clinical practice will improve the results of treatment of patients with wound defects of various etiologies.

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About the authors

Vasily A. Gordienko

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: chet1337@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0590-2137
SPIN-code: 4069-2346

MD, assistant at the Laboratory of Experimental Surgery

Russian Federation, 2, Litovskay street, Saint-Peterburg, 194100

Evgenii V. Zinoviev

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University; Saint Petersburg I.I. Dzhanelidze Research Institute of Emergency Medicine

Email: evz@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2493-5498
SPIN-code: 4069-2346

MD, PhD, D.Sc., Professor, Head of the Department of Thermal Injuries Unit; Head of the Laboratory of Experimental Surgery

Russian Federation, 2, Litovskay street, Saint-Peterburg, 194100; 3, Budapeshtskaya street, Saint-Petersburg, 192242

Denis V. Kostyakov

Saint Petersburg I.I. Dzhanelidze Research Institute of Emergency Medicine

Author for correspondence.
Email: kosdv@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5687-7168
SPIN-code: 9966-5821

MD, PhD, researcher of the Department of Thermal Injuries Unit

Russian Federation, 3, Budapeshtskaya street, Saint-Petersburg, 192242

Marat S. Asadulaev

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery

Email: marat.asadulaev@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1768-2402
SPIN-code: 3336-8996
Scopus Author ID: 57191618743

MD, clinical resident, laboratory assistant in the Laboratory of Experimental Surgery

Russian Federation, 64, Parkovaya str., Saint-Petersburg, Pushkin, 196603

Anton S. Shabunin

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery; Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University

Email: anton-shab@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8883-0580
SPIN-code: 1260-5644
Scopus Author ID: 57191623923

laboratory assistant in the Laboratory of Experimental Surgery; PhD student

Russian Federation, 64, Parkovaya str., Saint-Petersburg, Pushkin, 196603; 29, Polytechnitcheskaya street, St.-Petersburg, 195251

Vladimir E. Yudin

Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University

Email: yudin@hq.macro.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5517-4767
SPIN-code: 4996-7540
Scopus Author ID: 7103377720

Dr. Phys.-Math. Sci., Professor, Director of Laboratory of Polymeric Materials for Tissue Engeneering and Transplantology

Russian Federation, 29, Polytechnitcheskaya street, St.-Petersburg, 195251

Nataliya V. Smirnova

Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University; Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: nvsmirnoff@yandex.ru

PhD, Senior Researcher of Laboratory of Polymer Materials for Tissue Engineering and Transplantology; researcher in Laboratory of Mechanics of Polymers and Composite Materials

Russian Federation, 29, Polytechnitcheskaya street, St.-Petersburg, 195251; 31, Bolshoy prospect, St-Petersburg 199004

Anna V. Radeeva

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: anyawinteranya@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6152-4276

student

Russian Federation, 2, Litovskay street, Saint-Peterburg, 194100

Moisei B. Paneiakh

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: moisey031190@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2527-9058

Assistant Professor, Department of Pathological Anatomy at the Rate of Forensic Medicine

Russian Federation, 2, Litovskay street, Saint-Peterburg, 194100

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. The results of measuring the area of wounds in the analyzed groups of animals during the follow-up period: MADP — microautodermoplasty; CPA — aliphatic copolyamide; AMSC — adipogenic mesenchymal stem cells

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3. Fig. 2. The results of assessing the dynamics of the wound healing index in the analyzed groups of animals during the follow-up period: MADP — microautodermoplasty; CPA — aliphatic copolyamide; AMSC — adipogenic mesenchymal stem cells

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4. Fig. 3. Comparison of the dynamics of the healing index (median values) in the analyzed groups of animals: MADP — microautodermoplasty; CPA — aliphatic copolyamide; AMSC — adipogenic mesenchymal stem cells

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5. Fig. 4. A slice of the new skin on day 7 after microautodermoplasty (coated with aliphatic copolyamide) and the administration of adipogenic mesenchymal stem cells. Thinning of the epidermis and the pseudocyst formation process. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, magnification by 100×

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6. Fig. 5. A slice of the new skin on day 21 after microautodermoplasty (coated with aliphatic copolyamide) and the administration of adipogenic mesenchymal stem cells. Deposition of calcium salts surrounded by giant multinucleated cells. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, magnification by 100×

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7. Fig. 6. A slice of the new skin on day 28 after microautodermoplasty (coated with an aliphatic copolyamide) and the administration of adipogenic mesenchymal stem cells. Giant cell granuloma with deposition of calcium salts. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, magnification by 100×

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8. Fig. 7. A slice of the new skin on day 28 after microautodermoplasty (coated with an aliphatic copolyamide) and the administration of adipogenic mesenchymal stem cells. Thinning, dystrophic changes in the epidermis, active horny pseudocyst. Hematoxylin and eosin stain, magnification by 400×

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Copyright (c) 2020 Gordienko V.A., Zinoviev E.V., Kostyakov D.V., Asadulaev M.S., Shabunin A.S., Yudin V.E., Smirnova N.V., Radeeva A.V., Paneiakh M.B.

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