Nocturnal enuresis — a new look at the old problem

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Abstract

Nocturnal enuresis is the most common functional disorder of the urinary system in children, significantly reducing the quality of life of both patients and their parents. There are several hypotheses for the development of this disease, none of which can be taken as dominant. In this regard, Nocturnal enuresis is considered as a polyetiological condition. This review details the main factors that are associated with the development of nocturnal enuresis in children. These include hereditary predisposition, bladder dysfunction, sleep and awakening disorders, delayed maturation of central nervous system structures, disruption of the circadian rhythm of antidiuretic hormone and aquaporin-2 production. Despite many publications on nocturnal enuresis in children, many aspects of the pathogenesis of the disease remain unclear and require further study.

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About the authors

Natalia N. Smirnova

Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: nephro-uro-kids@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0581-7285
SPIN-code: 4518-0640

Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Pediatrics

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Alla V. Belyakova

Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University

Email: belalla@mail.ru
SPIN-code: 1702-0720

Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Pediatrics

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Natalia B. Kuprienko

Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University

Email: n-b-k@bk.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2054-3419
SPIN-code: 3394-8106

Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Pediatrics

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Tatyana I. Nikolskaya

Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University

Email: t.nikol@mail.ru

Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Pediatrics

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

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