The effect of low-temperature exposure in embryogenesis on the expression of the stk25, ndufa4, and adipoq genes in chickens

It is known that stressors of early on to genesis can affect long-termadaptive changes in the body. In the studies, the stress factor was dosed low-temperature exposure in the early embryogenesis of chickens (Amroxbreed), for which the embryos of the experimental group were cooled on the 5^th day of incubation for 6 hours at +15°C. The degree of activation of key candidate genes involved in thermoregulation processes was assessed by the level of the irrelative expression in 14-day-old chickens (10 heads each in the experiment and in the control) 3 hours after the "provocative" stress factor exposure (+7°C, 1 hour) to chickens of both groups. The main purpose of the research h was to verify the involvement of the NDUFA4, STK25, and ADIPOQ genes in chicken thermoregulation and to establish the possibility of controlling the processes of thermal adaptation of chickens in early ontogenesis through dosed low-temperature exposure. It has been established that even a single cold exposure (at temperatures below biological zero) during embryogenes is canin crease the adaptive capabilities of 14-day-old chicks. Thus, the blood of chickens in the experimental group contained less triglycerides (by 35%) and glucose (by 26%) against the background of repeated cooling (p < 0.01). Chickens of both groups activated the mechanism of cold shivering, but in the control, an increase in hypothermialed to ataxia. Thechicks of the experimental group had a shift in the body's response to coldstress (towards increased thermal tolerance), therefore, to main ta in temperature homeostasis, they mainly used the mechanisms of non-shivering thermogenesis, which was accompanied by increased expression of the NDUFA4, STK25, and ADIPOQ genes (1.4–2.1 timesrelative to the control, p < 0.05) in their pectoral muscle.