Late Vendian kotlinian crisis on the East European Platform: lithogeochemical indicators of depositional environment

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Abstract

Sharp changes in the biodiversity of fossil organisms in the Upper Vendian of the East European Platform are considered as the manifestation of global crisis immediately prior to the “Cambrian Explosion.” However, they could be caused by local environmental perturbations. Variations of some lithogeochemical indicators of depositional environment (indicators of paleoclimate, exhalation activity, redox settings, and paleobioproductivity) were analyzed in order to establish the possible influence of sedimentary systems on evolutionary processes in the Late Vendian and at the boundary with the Cambrian. The applied algorithm of lithogeochemical studies revealed no significant perturbations in physical properties of the environment on a scale of sedimentary basins. The obtained data suggest that local factors did not affect the evolution of Ediacaran biota on the East European Platform and confirm the global nature of transitions between the Redkinian, Belomorian, and Kotlinian biotas.

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About the authors

A. V. Maslov

Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: amas2004@mail.ru
Russian Federation, 15, Vonsonsky str., Yekaterinburg, 620016

D. V. Grazhdankin

Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: f6oeoua@mac.com
3, pr. Akademika Koptyuga, Novosibirsk, 630090

V. N. Podkovyrov

Institute of Precambrian Geology and Geochronology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: vpodk@mail.ru
Russian Federation, 2, nab. Makarova, St. Petersburg, 199034

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2. Fig. 1. Comparison scheme of the studied sections (the upper Vendian is understood in the volume of Redkinsky, Belomorsky and Kotlinsky regoyarus [Grazhdankin, Maslov, 2015] and includes sediments bordering on the Cambrian in the composition of the Rivne Regoyarus). The dashed line is the estimated ratio of the lower boundary of the Cambrian system of the Standard Global Chronostratigraphic Scale and the General Stratigraphic Scale.

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3. Fig. 2. Position of the fields of composition of fine-grained detrital rocks of the upper Vendian and Vendian – Cambrian boundary sediments of the South-Eastern White Sea (a), south Baltic monocline (b), western slope of the Middle Urals (c) and Podolsky Transnistria (g) in the diagram (Na2O + K2O ) / Al2O3 - (Fe2O3 * + MgO) / SiO2. The numbers of the fields correspond to the suites: 1 - Lamian; 2 - Verkhovskaya; 3 - Zimnegorskaya; 4 - Erginskaya; 5 - Zolotitsky, Nugus and Brusovskaya; 6 - Old Russian; 7 - Vasileostrovskaya; 8 - Voronkovskaya; 9 - Lomonosov; 10 - Siverskaya; 11 - Staropechninskaya; 12 - trans-shipment; 13 - Chernokamenskaya; 14 - Ust-Sylvitskaya; 15 - Mogilev; 16 - Yaryshevskaya; 17 - Highland; 18 - Danilovskaya; 19 - Zharnovskaya; 20 - Krushanov; 21 - studenitskaya; 22 - Khmelnitsky; 23 - zbruchskaya. I – VI - areas of clay of different composition (I - predominantly kaolinite; II - predominantly smectite with admixture of kaolinite and hydromica; III - predominantly chlorite with admixture of Fe-hydromica; IV - chlorite-hydromica; V - chlorite-smectite-hydromica; VI - hydromica with significant admixture of dispersed feldspars).

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4. Fig. 3. Position of the fields of the clay composition of the upper Vendian and Vendian – Cambrian border sediments of the South-Eastern White Sea region (a), the south of the Baltic monocline (b), the western slope of the Middle Urals (c) and Podolsky Transnistria (g) in the K / Al – Mg diagram / Al. Field numbers correspond to suites (see fig. 2).

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5. Fig. 4. The position of the fields of the composition of fine-grained detrital rocks of the Upper Vendian and Vendian – Cambrian boundary sediments of the South-Eastern White Sea (a), south Baltic monocline (b), western slope of the Middle Urals (c) and Podolsk Transnistria (d) in the diagram La / Sc– Th / Co. Field numbers correspond to suites (see fig. 2).

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6. Fig. 5. Variations of the values ​​of geochemical indicators of paleoclimate, redox conditions, the effects of underwater volcanism on sedimentation and paleobioproduktivnosti in the summary section of the upper Vendian and the boundary Vendian-Cambrian sediments of the South-Eastern White Sea. The numbers in the columns on the left show: 1 - Zimnegorsk Formation; 2 - Erginsk Formation; COP 2 is the second crisis community. I – IV - fine-grained detrital rocks of different stages of development of the sedimentation basin / region (I - Redkinsky, II - Belomorsky, III - Kotlinsky, IV - Vendian – Cambrian boundary).

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7. Fig. 6. Variations of the values of geochemical indicators of paleoclimate, redox conditions, the effects of underwater volcanism on sedimentation and paleobioproduktivnosti in the composite section of the upper Vendian and Vendian-Cambrian boundary sediments of the southern Baltic monocline. The numbers in the columns on the left show: 1 - Lomonosov Formation. Other symbols see fig. five.

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8. Fig. 7. Variations of the values of geochemical indicators of paleoclimate, redox conditions, the effects of underwater volcanism on sedimentation and paleobioproduktivnosti in the upper Vendian of the western slope of the Middle Urals. Conventions see fig. five.

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9. Fig. 8. Variations of the values of geochemical indicators of paleoclimate, redox conditions, the effects of underwater volcanism on sedimentation and paleobioproduktivnosti in the context of the upper Vendian and the boundary Vendian-Cambrian sediments of Podolsk Transdniestria. Conventions see fig. five.

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