First Mineralogical and Geochemical Data on Placer Nephrite of the Vitim Highlands, Republic of Buryatia

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Abstract

The material composition of placer (alluvial) dolomite-related nephrite from the Tsipa River in the nephrite-bearing region of the Vitim Highlands has been examined. Initial data on the mineral composition of both the inner and outer zones of alluvial dolomite-related nephrite pebbles have been obtained. Placer nephrite is characterized by a developed staining rim, a small amount of accessory minerals, fine-grained texture, randomly fibrous structure, and elevated alkali content. Chemical composition features of the staining rim formed under exogenous conditions include the development of manganese and iron hydroxides, with a significant increase in Fe3+ content and elevated levels of Co and Ba. A genetic relationship has been established between the placer nephrite and its primary source, the nephrite from the Kavoktinskoe deposit. A comparison between primary and placer dolomite-type nephrite has led to the identification of diagnostic characteristics for conducting expert assessments.

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About the authors

V. F. Sotnikova

Kazan Federal University

Author for correspondence.
Email: vasilina0917@gmail.com
Russian Federation, 18, Kremlyovskaya St., Kazan, 420008

R. Kh. Sungatullin

Kazan Federal University

Email: Rafael.Sungatullin@kpfu.ru
Russian Federation, 18, Kremlyovskaya St., Kazan, 420008

E. V. Kislov

Dobretsov Geological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the RAS

Email: evg-kislov@ya.ru
Russian Federation, 6a, Sakhyanov St., Ulan-Ude, 670047

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Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
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1. JATS XML
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2. Fig. 1. Jade deposits in the territory of the Republic of Buryatia, location of the presumed primary source (Kavoktinskoye deposit) and location of alluvial jade sampling (Tsipa River).

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3. Fig. 2. Geological map of the Kavoktinskoye deposit (based on the materials of Zabaikalskoye Ore Mining Enterprise LLC with amendments and additions). 1 - modern alluvial sediments: boulders, pebbles, sands, loams, clays; 2 - Talalinian strata (Lower Proterozoic): gneisses and schists, amphibolites, interlayers of marbles, quartzites, metasediments, skarns; 3 - Vitimkan complex of intrusions, phase II: leucocratic, biotite granites; 4 - Vitimkan complex of intrusions, phase I: granites, granodiorites, diorites, granosyenites, syenites; 5 - Atarkhan complex of intrusions: gabbro, gabbro-amphibolites, diorites, amphibolites; 6 - metasandstones fine-grained, greenish-grey, from massive to banded; 7 - dolomite marbles, calcite-dolomite white; 8 - porphyritic granites, biotite, biotite-hornblende; 9 - diorites; 10 - gneiss-like granites; 11 - amphibolites; 12 - granitisation; 13 - calcareous skarns of calcite-tremolite composition with nephrite deposits (outside the massif); 14 - geological boundaries: a - established, b - assumed; 15 - tectonic disturbances: a - established, b - assumed, c - under Quaternary sediments; 16 - sections of the Kavoktinsky deposit: Prozrachny (1), Medvezhy (2).

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4. Fig. 3. Pebbles of alluvial nephrite of the Tsipa River. Tsipa. 1-6 - sample numbers.

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5. Fig. 4. Tremolite in the core (1) and staining rim (2) of alluvial jade. Sample 2.

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6. Fig. 5. Distribution of petrogenic elements content in the core (1) and staining rim (2) of alluvial jade pebbles.

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7. Fig. 6. Distribution of REE in the core of alluvial nephrite. Normalised by chondrite [McDonough, Sun, 1995].

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8. Fig. 7. Chemical composition of the nuclei of alluvial jade of the r. Tsipa (1) and indigenous nephrite of the Kavoktinsky deposit (2), from [Gomboev et al., 2017].

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9. Fig. 8. Average content of dispersed elements (a) and REE (b) in alluvial and indigenous jade of the Vitim Plateau. 1 - core of alluvial nephrite of the Tsipa River. Tsipa River; 2 - staining rim of alluvial jade of the river. Tsipa River; 3 - bedrock jade of the Kavoktinsky deposit, from [Kislov et al., 2023].

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