Vol 27, No 7 (2025)

The role and place of chronic gastritis and gastroduodenitis in pediatric gastroenterology in modern pediatrics are shown. It is emphasized that this is the most common diagnosis, although in recent years ways have been outlined to reduce their prevalence. The heterogeneity of the origin of chronic gastritis and gastroduodenitis creates difficulties in diagnostics. The same applies to the tendency to combined pathology of diseases of the digestive organs in childhood, which requires the mandatory use of methods of medical introscopy and functional diagnostics. Modern treatment regimens are presented, compiled taking into account the Maastricht VI consensus and clinical recommendations of the Society of Pediatric Gastroenterologists, Hepatologists and Nutritionists of the Russian Federation. The issues of dispensary observation and prevention of chronic gastritis/gastroduodenitis in relation to childhood are considered.

Oncological diseases rank second among the causes of mortality in the Russian Federation and are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. One of the key issues is the late detection of the disease, lack of patient adherence to lifestyle modifications, and medical follow-up. The article presents clinical cases that vividly demonstrate the impact of inadequate attention to health on disease outcomes. It also highlights possible and globally used screening programs for early diagnosis of oncological diseases and provides recommendations for cancer prevention.

The article presents an analysis of the digital transformation of healthcare in St. Petersburg and its impact on the evolution of nursing practice. The unique integration model of the city's electronic healthcare system, based on connecting various medical information systems through a unified bus, is examined. Special attention is paid to the import substitution process: transition from foreign IT solutions to domestic developments, including replacement of Siemens and Agfa radiological systems with Russian products. The influence of cooperation between St. Petersburg and Moscow on creating a unified digital healthcare circuit through EMIAS implementation is demonstrated. The transformation of the nurse's role in the digital era is analyzed in detail: from traditional executor of prescriptions to high-tech coordinator-navigator of patients in the digital ecosystem. Specific examples of artificial intelligence use in St. Petersburg clinics are presented, including integration with the MosMedAI platform, augmented reality systems in surgery, telemedicine technologies, and personal medical assistants. The critical importance of developing digital competencies in nurses for successful adaptation to technological innovations is substantiated.

This article presents the results of a study on the redistribution of nurse responsibilities in dentistry and the need to introduce a new position. The study was conducted in 2024. The job responsibilities of junior nurses and dental nurses were examined. A total of 315 respondents participated in the study: head nurses, senior nurses, and nurses from dental medical organizations.

Varicose veins of the lower limbs is currently one of the most common pathologies of the vascular system and due to its widespread prevalence it can be considered not only a medical, but also a social and even economic problem. Under the influence of unfavorable factors in the superficial veins of the lower extremities increases hydrostatic pressure, which over time leads to persistent venous hypertension. Due to increased pressure in the vascular wall morphological changes occur, which in combination with valve insufficiency lead to a reverse blood flow from deep veins to superficial veins or from proximal to distal sections. This pathology is becoming more and more relevant, as the growth of the number of morbidity every year is increasing, which undoubtedly affects the able-bodied population, as varicose veins limits the ability to work and leads to disability. The study of etiology and risk factors for the development of the disease is a paramount task in the field of prevention.

The article presents the results of the authors' research on the assessment of personal and situational anxiety among hospital and outpatient-polyclinic medical workers during the development of professional burnout in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Among the different stages of a woman's life, menopause has the greatest impact on health. Hormonal changes caused by menopause can lead to problems with the skin and its appendages, and research in this area is limited. A decrease in ovarian hormone levels and an increase in androgen levels can manifest as problems with hair and skin. Although hirsutism, unwanted facial hair, alopecia, skin atrophy, and sagging facial skin are common problems faced by postmenopausal women, these issues receive very little attention compared to other menopausal symptoms. It has been proven that the visibility of these diseases causes great concern and can affect the self-esteem and quality of life of patients, especially given that hair and skin are closely related to a woman's femininity and beauty, as evidenced by the extensive marketing of the cosmetics industry aimed at this category of the population and the high costs of these products for women during the menopause. The proportion of postmenopausal women is increasing. Therefore, the prevalence of these dermatological symptoms is likely to increase. Modern treatment methods are aimed at eliminating hormonal imbalances and improving appearance {9]

Echinococcosis and alveococcosis continue to be quite common parasitic cystic pathologies throughout the world with a growing incidence. The main target organ for echinococcus and alveococcus is the liver. However, there are reported cases of rare localization of parasitic cysts in the mammary gland. Patients with this pathology often encounter difficulties in diagnosing these pathologies. That is why doctors need to become familiar with the features of diagnosing parasitic lesions of the mammary glands in order to make the correct diagnosis and improve further routing of patients.