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Vol 340, No 1 (2019)

Articles

Medical support of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation: results of activities and tasks for 2019

Trishkin D.V.

Abstract

The article presents the results of the medical service of the Armed Forces in 2018 in the main areas: improving the working methods of the medical service management bodies in organizing and managing medical support during preparation and in the course of actions in the event of various crisis situations; prevention of incidence of military personnel, improving the quality and accessibility of medical care for contingents of the Ministry of Defense; development of rehabilitation directions in the activities of military sanatorium organizations; carrying out scientific research aimed at improving the system of medical support for the military unit and improving the quality of medical care. Priorities of military medicine for 2019 were defined, including increasing the level of readiness of medical military units (subdivisions) and military medical organizations to perform tasks for their intended purpose, taking into account the introduction of modern methods of medical support for the actions of troops (forces); improving the legal and regulatory framework governing the provision of social guarantees for servicemen, their families and the civilian personnel of the Armed Forces; increasing the effectiveness of measures to protect the health of military personnel; the creation of new types of medical equipment and property to equip the medical service of the military unit, including those performing tasks in extreme climatic conditions.
Voenno-medicinskij žurnal. 2019;340(1):4-18
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Prinzmetal angina: pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment

Ovchinnikov Y.V., Shklovskii B.L., Prokhorchik A.A., Patsenko M.B., Pyrev A.N., Savrukova O.A., Baksheev V.I.

Abstract

The article outlines the epidemiology of vasospastic angina pectoris (Prinzmetal angina pectoris, variant angina pectoris), its pathogenesis, and current approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of this pathology. Attention is focused on timely diagnosis, which should be comprehensive, taking into account the possible atypical course of Prinzmetal angina pectoris. The important role of ECG monitoring, including using implantable recorders, is shown. It is emphasized that patients with heart rhythm disturbances and syncope are at high risk of developing sudden cardiac death. This category of patients is recommended to timely determine the indications for implantation of a cardioverter-defibrillator. A clinical observation of a patient with Prinzmetal angina is given.
Voenno-medicinskij žurnal. 2019;340(1):19-24
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Clinical and laboratory features of chronic dermatosis among military personnel.

Patrushev A.V., Samtsov A.V., Nikitin V.Y., Ivanov A.M., Gumilevskaya O.P., Sukhina I.A.

Abstract

Clinical, laboratory, and immunological features were studied in 103 military personnel with psoriasis (53 people), atopic dermatitis (22 people) and lichen planus (28 people), taking into account the presence of chronic infection foci. A high prevalence of chronic tonsillitis and chronic granulomatous periodontitis in this category of patients has been identified, which requires the inclusion of consultation with an ENT doctor and a dentist in the examination plan, as well as screening orthopantomogram. It was noted the absence of pronounced changes in the biochemical analysis of blood, which makes it redundant appointment of this study in the absence of concomitant pathology in patients. Separate immune disorders in patients with atopic dermatitis and lichen planus with foci of chronic infection have been identified, but this issue requires clarification with the definition of specific (skin-tropic) lymphocyte subpopulations.
Voenno-medicinskij žurnal. 2019;340(1):25-32
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Use of lymphotropic and NO-therapy in the treatment of certain urological diseases

Ragimov I.G., Esipov A.V.

Abstract

The article summarizes the literature data on the possibilities of lymphotropic therapy and therapy with nitrogen monoxide in the treatment of patients with a urological profile. The urgency of the problem of prevention of inflammatory complications after minimally invasive surgeries in urology is noted. The role of the lymphatic system in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases is summarized. The possibilities of lymphotropic therapy in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases of the urinary organs are shown. The role of the nitrogen monoxide molecule in metabolic processes in the body and the possibility of treating inflammatory processes with exogenous NO are noted. The possibilities of complex therapy, including lymphotropic and NO-therapy, are demonstrated in urological practice. Attention is drawn to the lack of effectiveness of traditional methods of introducing antibacterial drugs in the treatment and prevention of inflammatory complications after minimally invasive operations. The advantages of the complex method over traditional antibacterial therapy are reflected.
Voenno-medicinskij žurnal. 2019;340(1):33-38
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Epidemiology and vaccine prevention of pneumococcal infections in the military

Zaitsev A.A., Akimkin V.G., Briko N.I., Kryukov E.V., Shubin I.V., Antipushina D.N., Sergeeva N.V.

Abstract

Pneumococcal infections constitute an important issue for the military medical service. The article presents data on the incidence of pneumococcal infections of military personnel, provides an overview of the possibilities and prospects for the use of pneumococcal vaccines in young individuals from organized groups. Vaccine prophylaxis in relation to military servicemen and military personnel, modern vaccine regimens are considered. The importance of the use of pneumococcal vaccines to reduce the risk of invasive pneumococcal infections and prevent their severe clinical forms has been shown. The main problems of vaccine prevention at present time are the low coverage of pneumococcal vaccination of young people called up for military service, and the difficulty of organizing a vaccination campaign with the introduction of vaccine for 1-2 months before conscription. There is a need for a wider coverage of pneumococcal vaccination of military personnel serving under contract, as well as medical workers.
Voenno-medicinskij žurnal. 2019;340(1):39-45
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Acute issues of tuberculosis prevention in the troops of the Central Military District

Kalmykov A.A., Polyakov V.S., Kolotov A.V., Shelkova E.S., Presnyakov D.N.

Abstract

It has been shown that the epidemiological situation with respect to the incidence of tuberculosis in Russia remains tense, with individuals mainly aged 18-44 years old, with a peak in men 25-34 years old. At the same time, effective, cost-effective tuberculin diagnosis and planned revaccination with a specific vaccine for the prevention of tuberculosis were replaced by ineffective diagnostic methods of research. The restoration of the immunization scheme against tuberculosis for children, adolescents and adults will ensure a high level of specific protection of the population against tuberculosis and prevent the introduction and spread of tuberculosis in military teams. When preparing citizens for military service, it was proposed to diagnose tuberculosis with the use of the «Mantoux reaction» and at the same time immunize against tuberculosis to persons who have lost immunity. Contract servicemen should provide for tuberculin diagnosis at the conclusion of the first contract and then 1 time in 5 years - during the in-depth medical examination, followed by immunization against tuberculosis of persons who have lost their immunity.
Voenno-medicinskij žurnal. 2019;340(1):45-52
pages 45-52 views

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Voenno-medicinskij žurnal. 2019;340(1):52
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Correction of the psycho-physiological status of military personnel by the combined use of transcranial electroanalgesia and hypoxic therapy.

Tagirov R.T., Krainyukov P.E., Groshilin V.S., Zhdanko I.M., Pisarev A.A., Khomenko M.N.

Abstract

The results of a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of transcranial electroanalgesia and normobaric hypoxic therapy for the correction of psychophysiological status disorders caused by intense and dangerous military-professional activity are given. 3 groups of male servicemen with signs of impaired psycho-physiological status were examined. For the correction of these disorders, group 1 used combined use of transcranial electroanalgesia and normobaric hypoxic therapy, in group 2 only normobaric hypoxic therapy, and in group 3 only transcranial electroanalgesia. It has been established that the combined use of transcranial electroanalgesia and normobaric hypoxic therapy improves the dynamics of the sensomotor qualities of military specialists to a greater extent than the isolated application of these methods. The achieved positive effects in group 1 turned out to be more stable and long-lasting, which makes it possible to recommend the widespread use of the combined use of transcranial electroanalgesia and normobaric hypoxic therapy for the non-drug correction of disorders of the psycho-physiological status of military specialists.
Voenno-medicinskij žurnal. 2019;340(1):53-58
pages 53-58 views

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Voenno-medicinskij žurnal. 2019;340(1):58
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Experience in the conversion of light transport aircraft into the sanitary version

Emelyanov O.N., Zemtsov S.S.

Abstract

The urgency of the problem of rational use for the purpose of medical evacuation of various aircraft, taking into account their equipment and radius of the aircraft, is shown. An experiment was conducted to convert the L-410 UHV-E3 aircraft into the sanitary version. The possibility of using unified sanitary equipment of domestic production and the manufacture of its additional elements has been studied. The order of loading and unloading of the wounded, sick and affected, the ways of organizing and performing the task of their evacuation by the flight crew in various conditions of the situation. The time and quality indicators of aircraft conversion into a sanitary version, loading and unloading of the injured were established. In the studied version of the conversion, the aircraft allows 12 victims to be transported (6 on stretchers and 6 on the seats) with an accompanying medical professional at a distance of up to 1000 km with a cruising speed of 300 km/h. The place and role of light transport aircraft in the performance of sanitary evacuation tasks are determined.
Voenno-medicinskij žurnal. 2019;340(1):59-63
pages 59-63 views

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Voenno-medicinskij žurnal. 2019;340(1):63
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Frequency and nature of complications and their outcomes in military personnel with extremities injures received in a counterterrorist operation

Bulavin V.V., Kalmanov A.S., Remizov Y.I., Amirov A.M., Antonov A.G.

Abstract

The treatment outcomes of 303 servicemen wounded in a limb during the counter-terrorist operation in Dagestan in 1999-2001 were analyzed and passed through the various stages of medical care. Of these, 75.8% were injured in the lower extremities, 24.2% in the upper. The most frequent complications in the treatment process were osteomyelitis - 21%, suppuration of soft tissues - 18.9%. When examining the wounded, the outcome of the treatment was the absence of a limb - 49.9%, contracture of the joints - 34%, ankylosis of the joints and skin scars preventing the wearing of military uniforms and footwear - 4.4%, false joints - 1.2%. Primary surgical treatment of wounds, performed in 79.9% of the wounded, is a key element in the prevention of wound complications. The least number of complications was observed at the stage of specialized medical care.
Voenno-medicinskij žurnal. 2019;340(1):65-66
pages 65-66 views

Reactivity of the oxygen transport system of the body during periodic human presence in various fireproof hypoxic gas environments

Eroshenko A.Y., Golovinova V.Y., Ivanov A.O., Groshilin V.S., Stepanov V.A., Anistratenko L.G., Linchenko S.N.

Abstract

A comparative assessment of the effect of periodic exposure (2 hours a day for 15 days) in fireproof normobaric hypoxic gas environments with a normal and elevated argon content on the reactivity of the oxygen transport system of the human body was carried out. It has been shown that a stay in a normobaric hypoxic gas environment with a high argon content is accompanied by a significantly lower voltage of the oxygen transport system of the body than is the case when it is in a normobaric hypoxic gas medium without argon. The use of a normobaric hypoxic gas environment with a high content of argon is preferred for the purpose of fire safety of habitable encapsulated objects.
Voenno-medicinskij žurnal. 2019;340(1):66-69
pages 66-69 views

Clinical case of successful treatment of non-coronary myocardial infarction in a young patient due to acute coronary thrombosis, complicated by dissection of the coronary artery

Novoselova N.M., Osadchii I.A., Ostrovskii M.B., Solovei N.A., Shiyanov O.V.

Abstract

A clinical case of non-coronarogenic myocardial infarction in a 22-year-old patient with a congenital multifactorial disorder in the hemostasis system associated with the pathology of fibrinolysis and methionine metabolism is presented. A mutation of the gene - inhibitor of plasminogen activator PAI-1 (homozygous type) was detected, which could contribute to pathological thrombosis. Cardiac surgery (aspiration thrombembolectomy, direct stenting of the anterior interventricular branch of the left coronary artery) restored coronary blood flow and on the 20th day the patient was transferred to rehabilitation in a satisfactory condition.
Voenno-medicinskij žurnal. 2019;340(1):70-73
pages 70-73 views

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Voenno-medicinskij žurnal. 2019;340(1):73
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Outstanding organizer of the military medicine (Тo the 100th anniversary from the birth of K.A.Novikov)

Ryzhman N.N., Lyutov V.V., Reutskii I.A.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the centenary of the birth of a prominent organizer of military health care, the former deputy head of the Kirov Military Medical Academy, Major General of the Medical Service Konstantin Afanasyevich Novikov.
Voenno-medicinskij žurnal. 2019;340(1):74-77
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First experience of an aviation evacuation of wounded and ill during wars of the beginning of XX century (1900-1930)

Sokolov V.A., Chmyrev I.V., Varfolomeev I.V.

Abstract

Based on the analysis of scientific publications, the main stages of the formation of the theory and practice of transportation of victims by air in wars of the beginning of the 20th century have been recreated. The importance of the initiative work carried out by aviation enthusiasts, primarily by representatives of public organizations and individual doctors in order to gain practical experience in the use of airplanes for transporting people in need of medical institutions, is emphasized. The factors that objectively prevented the extensive use of aviation technology for medical purposes during the First World War were summarized. The first conclusions of experts on the results of the few cases of transporting the wounded from the front areas to hospitals, as well as proposals to optimize the interaction between various military structures in the organization of evacuation by air are given. Information is presented on the first French air ambulance unit, tactics, flight planning principles and the advantages of air evacuation during combat operations in colonial operations.
Voenno-medicinskij žurnal. 2019;340(1):77-84
pages 77-84 views

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Voenno-medicinskij žurnal. 2019;340(1):84
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Ofitsial'nyy otdel

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Voenno-medicinskij žurnal. 2019;340(1):85-93
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Voenno-medicinskij žurnal. 2019;340(1):94
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235 years guarding health of navy men of the Black sea fleet

Murynin V.A., Zubarev A.A.

Abstract

In June 2018, it was 235 years since the founding of the 1472th N.I.Pirogov Navy Clinical Hospital of the Russian Ministry of Defense, which is today a multi-purpose specialized military medical institution that is at the forefront of modern medicine. The hospital is a major methodical center of the medical service of the Black Sea Fleet and the Southern Military District, an institution with extensive practical experience in wartime and in peacetime. On June 15, a solemn meeting was held at the House of Officers of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation at which the hospital team was congratulated on the anniversary by representatives of the command of the Black Sea Fleet, the medical service of the Navy of the Russian Federation, and civilian health care managers of Crimea and Sevastopol. The most distinguished military doctors received awards.
Voenno-medicinskij žurnal. 2019;340(1):95-96
pages 95-96 views

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