Pathological anatomy in clinical practice for the study of pulmonary tuberculoma

Pathological studies of the resected areas of the lungs, represented by tuberculoma, allow not only to consider the morphological features of this form of tuberculosis but also to objectively understand the mechanisms that contributed to its formation, to reveal the activity of a specific process in the caseous focus, its capsule and surrounding tissues. According to the morphological structure, tuberculomas of two types are distinguished: layered and homogeneous. Each of them can be solitary or conglomerate. Layered tuberculoma is manifested by a concentric arrangement of caseous masses, alternating with layers of fibrous fibers, which indicates a wavy alternation of healing and progression of the tuberculous process. Homogeneous pulmonary tuberculoma is characterized by total caseination of the entire focus with preservation of the remnants of collagen fibers of the preceding interalveolar septa of the lung. The capsule of homogeneous tuberculomas is mostly single-layer. The blood vessels are located only in the tuberculum capsule and do not penetrate into caseosis, therefore, drug therapy of the lungs formed by tuberculosis is useless. They must be removed.