Currents and Tides in the Fram Strait and Greenland Sea

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Аннотация

Measurements of oceanographic characteristics, currents, and tides in the Fram Strait and the Greenland Sea are analyzed using historical measurement data. Measurements on moorings across the Fram Strait made it possible to estimate the speeds of the East Greenland and West Spitsbergen currents. It is shown that the speeds of these currents are low (within 10 cm/s) and the amplitudes of the speed of tidal currents are two or more times greater. Tidal currents are intensifying on the shelf of Greenland and Spitsbergen. Direct measurements are compared with the University of Oregon barotropic tide model.

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Авторлар туралы

E. Morozov

Shirshov Institute of Oceanology; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology; Marine Hydrophysical Institute

Хат алмасуға жауапты Автор.
Email: egmorozov@mail.ru
Ресей, Moscow; Dolgoprudny, Mosсow region; Sevastopol

D. Frey

Shirshov Institute of Oceanology; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology; Marine Hydrophysical Institute

Email: egmorozov@mail.ru
Ресей, Moscow; Dolgoprudny, Mosсow region; Sevastopol

Әдебиет тізімі

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2. Fig. 1. Diagram of currents in the Greenland Sea [6, 12]. The red line shows the Norwegian Current and its continuation – the West Spitsbergen Current. The blue line – the East Greenland Current. The yellow dots show the positions of 13 buoys in 1997–1998. The green dots – the positions of buoys in 1987–1989.

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3. Fig. 2. Potential temperature and salinity sections along 79° N based on data from a section made in the summer of 1998. White vertical lines show the positions of the soundings.

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4. Fig. 3. Potential temperature and salinity sections along 75° N based on data from a section made in the summer of 1998. White lines show the positions of the soundings.

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5. Fig. 4. Geostrophic currents based on absolute dynamic topography of the Fram Strait region using satellite altimetry for the period 1993–2020 and for March 1998. Black dots indicate the locations of buoys.

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6. Fig. 5. Section of average meridional current velocities for 1997–1998 at 78°50ʹ N

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7. Fig. 6. Section of average meridional current velocities for 1997–1998 along 75°30ʹ N.

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8. Fig. 7. Map of the current vectors of the upper layer (0–300 m) and the corresponding water temperature values ​​based on measurements on buoys.

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9. Fig. 8. Average monthly (black dots and line) and average daily (gray line) values ​​of meridional current velocity based on measurements on buoy F3 (horizon 1040 m).

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10. Fig. 9. Tidal current spectra (meridional component) at point F7 at horizons of 60 (black), 280 (red), 1430 (blue) and 2299 m (green) based on a series of measurements in 1997–1998. The scales are logarithmic so that the spectral graphs do not merge.

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11. Fig. 10. Spectra of tidal currents (meridional component) at point F1 at horizons of 80 and 280 m based on a series of measurements in 1997–1998.

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12. Fig. 11. Current velocity spectra (meridional component) at points F1, F7, F13 at depths of 260–280 m according to measurement series in 1997–1998.

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13. Fig. 12. Variability of spectral densities of velocity components U (lower curve) and V (upper curve) horizontally along the section at horizons of 200–300 m at tidal frequency M2.

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14. Fig. 13. Tidal ellipses (velocity hodographs) based on measurements on buoys F7 (260 m) and F1 (280 m) for March 13–14 and March 20–21, 1998 (upper row). The full moon is on March 13, and the first quarter of the moon is on March 20. The lower row of the figure shows ellipses based on data from the TPXO9 model [9].

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15. Fig. 14. Spectrum for a number of amplitudes of tidal currents of component V on buoy F7, horizon 280 m.

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