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编号 9 (2023)
Honorary Title “Mineral of the Year”
摘要
The article considers main specifi c features of the minerals, winners and awardees of the competition “Mineral of the Year” introduced by the International Mineralogical Association (IMA) in 2014. The corresponding publications contain the detailed description of the phenomena which complicate the real structure (merelanite), the analysis of the uncommon combination of chemical elements (seaborgite), the occurrence in minerals of structure elements earlier well-known only in synthetic inorganic phases (ophirite, chanabayaite, and bojarite). A special attention is addressed to the indicative role of these minerals in the reconstruction of the physical and chemical conditions of their crystallization as well as to their position in the corresponding transformational-genetic series.
Priroda. 2023;(9):3-12
3-12
Jewelry and Ornamental Septaria of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic
摘要
Septaria are calcareous clay concretionary nodules with radial compacted cracks predominantly filled with calcite. In the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, the specimens of jewelry and ornamental quality are associated with the Aptian tier of the Lower Cretaceous. Calcite veins are monomineral and have symmetrical structure, due to the simultaneous and similar in rate growth of crystals from opposite walls of cracks. Mineralization was characterized by the lack of metasomatic substitution of the host marl with successive formation of layers of diff erent structures and colors, without their signifi cant recrystallization. Septaria greatly vary in their sizes and are of high decorativeness and positive technological characteristics, and thus are actively used for manufacture of various types of products. Septaria can be collected in large volumes in river valleys without considerable expenses and violating the environment.
Priroda. 2023;(9):13-25
13-25
The Lena River Discharge and the Climate of the Laptev Sea in the Holocene: New Reconstructions Based on Micropaleontological Data
摘要
Micropaleontological study of the core PS51/080-13, obtained in the shallow southeastern part of the Laptev Sea, in the area adjacent to the Lena Delta, reveals the intervals of runoff redistribution along the branches of the delta and episodes of possible cold periods in the Middle and Late Holocene.
Priroda. 2023;(9):26-30
26-30
“Marine Crocodiles” from the Mesozoic of European Russia
摘要
Thalattosuchian fossil remains have been described from the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous deposits of European Russia. Some of them belong to genera known from other regions of the world. Palaeolatitude calculations for the localities showed that the fi nds from Russia located mainly between 44–50 degrees north, and therefore the fi nds from Russia belong to the northernmost representatives of this group.
Priroda. 2023;(9):31-36
31-36
The Distance Scale in Physics
摘要
An Italian theoretical physicist Tullio Eugenio Regge proposed a “ten-thousandth scale” for a stepwise transition from one astrophysical phenomenon to another during the scale change. It turns out that this scale can be used in a completely diff erent area, the microworld area. This approach is convenient for ideas about the diversity and unity of all physical phenomena.
Priroda. 2023;(9):37-40
37-40
Scaly Reptiles of Western Siberia
摘要
About eight billion snakes and lizards belonging to twelve species happily inhabits the fl at and mountain landscapes of Western Siberia. The most numerous among them are the viviparous and sand lizards. The number of reptiles has remained almost unchanged for 50 years since 1967.
Priroda. 2023;(9):41-44
41-44
“To Be an Active Figure not Just an Observer” Ichthyologist V.K.Soldatov
摘要
The article presents a brief biography of Professor Vladimir Konstantinovich Soldatov, a zoologist, ichthyologist, and participant of many scientific expeditions, one of the founders of fi sheries education in the USSR. The work is based on new archival materials published for the first time.
Priroda. 2023;(9):45-53
45-53
“...Enjoying the Cool Breeze and Starry Sky with Orion Right Overhead” From the diary of Th. Dobzhansky, 1949, Brazil
摘要
We provide diary entries of Theodosius Grigorievich Dobzhansky, an outstanding Russian-American geneticist, evolutionist, and entomologist, that were made in the spring of 1949, during his trip to Brazil. The trip was conducted to study genetic variability in natural populations of several species of the Drosophila fruit fl y and to determine the features of its ecology and behavior. In these notes, as well as in the notes made during his other expeditions, Th. Dobzhansky appears not only as a naturalist and a traveler, but as a person deeply and vividly interested in the way of life, customs, and views of other people, as well as the cultural, social, and political environments of the places he visited.
Priroda. 2023;(9):54-64
54-64
Plasticosis is a New Disease Associated with Human Activity
Priroda. 2023;(9):65-66
65-66
Virgin Birth: Genome Editing Made Parthenogenesis Possible
Priroda. 2023;(9):67-68
67-68
Bats Protect Plants from Herbivorous Insects
Priroda. 2023;(9):68-69
68-69
Л. Н. Ердаков. Динамика Численности Популяции: Хроноэкологический Аспект
Priroda. 2023;(9):70-70
70-70
Пчела Медоносная (APIS MELLIFERA) в Генетическом Поле: Эколого-Генетические Характеристики
摘要
Под ред. М.А.Монаховой. М.: Товарищество научных изданий КМК, 2022. 291 с.
Priroda. 2023;(9):71-71
71-71
Ю. В. Балохтина. Ископаемые Гоминиды и их Имена
摘要
Учебное пособие для студентов и аспирантов биологических специальностей высших учебных заведений. М.: Товарищество научных изданий КМК, 2023. 141 с.
Priroda. 2023;(9):71-71
71-71
72-72