Vol 30, No 10 (2019)

Nonspecific pyoinflammatory diseases of the spine remain relatively rare, difficult to diagnose, and severe. The urgency of the problems of their treatment is explained by the increase in their incidence, the emergence of new antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, the severity of the course, and poor treatment outcomes. Spondylodiscitis (SPD) and spinal epidural abscess (SEA) are considered in detail. Their etiology, clinical presentation, and diagnosis have been thoroughly studied and are described. Current methods for diagnosing SPD and epiduritis, such as laboratory diagnosis, spondylography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, biopsy, scintigraphy, and positron emission tomography of the spine, are highlighted. Medical and surgical treatments for these vertebral infections are described in detail. An algorithm for their treatment is presented. Particular attention is paid to surgical treatment techniques for SPD and SER.

Polytrauma is one of the most common indications for hospitalization to the intensive care unit of multidisciplinary hospitals (up to 25% of all hospital admissions). The paper considers the use of targeted drug transport by means of gravitational blood surgery for concomitant head and skeletal injuries. The authors propose a new treatment option with autoerythrocytes being saturated with dexamethasone, which favorably affects the healing of postoperative wounds and the union of fractures of the femur and other bones, and also accelerates the restoration of brain functions in the acute period of trauma, as compared with traditional methods for treating patients with this pathology.

Psoriasis is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that is characterized by a predominant skin lesion and has a complex pathogenesis. The current scientific concept of the pathogenesis of this dermatosis gives pride of place in its development to immune-mediated inflammation, the main mechanism of which is immune cell dysfunction. In addition, systemic and local dyslipidemia can cause inflammation. Immunoinflammatory responses and lipid profile disorders are currently considered as promising therapeutic targets for psoriasis. The authors’ own observations show that the inclusion of drugs that can affect both inflammation and lipid profile (glycyrrhizic acid and essential phospholipids) in the combination therapy of psoriasis makes it possible not only to normalize the blood levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and other lipids, but also to more quickly get significant regression results in skin rashes.

The authors investigated the clinical and pathogenetic features of chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP) according to the degree of bone mineralization, as well as the morphometric manifestations of CGP during combination treatment. The efficiency of therapy was determined according to the data of dynamic, clinical, and radiation monitoring. The integrated approach to treating CGP with Osteomed Forte in postmenopausal women was found to enhance the efficiency of the treatment of this disease.

The given case demonstrates the complexity of diagnosis and the efficiency of surgical treatment in a young patient with bilateral thromboembolism of the main, lobar, segmental pulmonary artery branches, thrombosis of the right atrium and the right ventricle.

Relationships were studied between the social gradient of a Tyumen population by the nature of work, education, marital status, and attitude towards nutrition as a health-preserving factor. The study of the open urban population revealed significant differences in attitude towards nutrition in men and women. The gender characteristics of attitude towards nutrition were established according to marital status, nature of work, and educational level.

The paper reviews the results of studies evaluating the efficiency of electromyostimulation (EMS) used in patients with many types of pathology: impaired intestinal motility, urinary incontinence, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and chronic heart failure; in elderly patients with circulatory disorders, degenerative and dystrophic processes of the locomotor system, with abnormal striated and smooth muscle tone. EMS may be used to maintain physical activity and to correct physical developmental disorders.

The objective of the investigation was to study the abilities of Selank, a synthesized analogue of the endogenous immunity regulator taftcin, to augment the treatment of anxiety and depressive disorders in the first two weeks of taking the antidepressant (enhancement of the efficacy of the antidepressant of the group of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors).

The paper presents the results of estimating the telomere length as a marker of biological aging after gastric bypass surgery in patients with metabolic syndrome. After weight loss, the telomere length is noted to have increased in all the compared surgical groups without statistically significant differences.