Vol 23, No 1 (2012)

The paper presents an algorithm for the diagnosis and treatment of girls with gynecological diseases at the unit of pediatric surgery, by applying the up-to-date medical technologies.

The paper considers the historical aspects, the factors leading to virus activation and papilloma growth, and the clinical course of laryngeal papillomatosis. It shows the vertical transmission of human papillomavirus and the role of cesarean section in the course of respiratory papillomatosis. Current surgical treatments and local antirecurrent therapy using interferon in the early postoperative period are described. An inhaled local monotherapy regimen is given for the treatment of laryngeal papillomatosis.

There has been recently a rise in the incidence of atypical osteomyelitis of the facial skeleton due to the increasing number of synthetic narcotics users. The data on its diagnosis, clinical picture, and treatments in this category of patients are summarized.

Miscarriage is a common problem. Pregnancy is interrupted by spontaneous abortion in every 5 women. The rate of miscarriage does not tend to decrease. In addition to anatomic, endocrine, infectious, genetic, or thrombophilic abnormalities, the main causes of embryonic death include immune ones that may result in (sporadic or recurrent) abortions. Only adequate examination and detection of all causes of miscarriage will be able to develop pathogenetically sound methods for preparing married couples for future pregnancy and achieving its successful completion.

According to the latest international guidelines, with increasing Helicobacter pylori resistance to antibiotics, it is necessary to take into account the regional level of resistance of a microorganism to clarithromycin on choosing first-line therapy and to administer high-dose proton pump inhibitors, to increase the duration of therapy up to 10-14 days, and to additionally use probiotics and prebiotics for the enhancement of the efficiency and safety of treatment.

There is evidence that smectite dioctaedric (Smecta) is effective in treating acute diarrhea in adults: recovery occurs more promptly; the drug has been noted to have a protective effect on the gastrointestinal tract mucosa without suppressing intestinal motility.

The paper considers electrolyte disorders in gastroenterology and gives the results of using panangin and the β-adrenoblocker metoprolol in the prevention and treatment of supraventricular tachyarrhythmia after operations on the urinary system in patients with concomitant cardiac and urologic problems.

The paper evaluates the impact of different types of feeding on the development and course of anemia in premature infants weighing less 1500 g at birth. It gives an account of the principles of antianemia therapy in accordance with the internal protocol. Babies on only breastfeeding supplemented with a fortifier are shown to develop severe anemia less frequently.

The impact of chronic othelcosis on the ciliary activity of the middle ear mucosa was studied using the method for recording the ciliary movement of flagellates). There is valid evidence that the longer the inflammatory disease lasts, the lower ciliary beat frequency is.

The authors considered the regularities and specific features of distribution by birth weight and height characteristics in children who died in different age periods and studied an association between the mortality rates and the main anthropometric characteristics at birth in children aged 0 to 15 years. The structure of their mortality was analyzed. The children with average birth weight and height characteristics were shown to be most adaptable and resistant to unfavorable factors.

The paper considers the clinical manifestations of chronic virus hepatitis in children, the parameters of endotoxicosis, and the level of ammonia when L-ornithine-L-aspartate is used in combination therapy. When the drug is administered, there is a clear improvement in the parameters studied. No adverse reactions occur.

Diagnostic criteria (relative criteria, such as indistinct outlines, fixation, distance, and absolute ones, such as small pelvic liquid masses unassociated with the ovary) have been developed and tested. These diagnostic criteria are shown good accuracy only in patients with the extensive adhesive process. Based on the analysis of relative and absolute criteria, the specificity of estimating the extent of grade III-IV adhesive process was 84-97.7%. No diagnostic ultrasound criteria for a small pelvic adhesive process may be indicative of both its absence and the presence of its stages I—II.