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Vol 25, No 6 (2014)
- Year: 2014
- Articles: 31
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/0236-3054/issue/view/5937
Articles
Vstupitel'noe slovo
Vrach. 2014;25(6):2-2
2-2
SENILE ASTHENIA (FRAILTY) SYNDROME: CLINICAL PICTURE, DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, PREVENTION
Abstract
The paper analyzes the present status of the problem of senile asthenia as a characteristic of the health status of an elderly or senile patient and his needs for care. It considers the definition, classification, clinical picture, diagnosis, and prevention of senile asthenia. The presented materials may be used by healthcare and social care facilities to improve the quality of management in patients with senile asthenia.
Vrach. 2014;25(6):3-5
3-5
6-9
9-12
ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION IN GERIATRIC PRACTICE
Abstract
The paper considers the main issues of the diagnosis and treatment of orthostatic hypotension in terms of the current concept of major geriatric syndromes. It is beneficial for both a practitioner and a student when preparing their scientific or diploma work.
Vrach. 2014;25(6):13-17
13-17
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE PATHOGENESIS OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND ITS CORRECTION IN OLD PEOPLE
Abstract
Involutional changes in the body affect the complex pathogenesis of arterial hypertension (AG) with aging, which involves the processes of oxidative stress, apoptosis, sarcopenia, and fibrosis, by causing reduced vascular wall elasticity, increased pulse blood flow velocity, myocardial stiffness, and diastolic dysfunction. An AG correction program for elderly and senile patients should include multitargeted monotherapy or rational drug combinations that directionally affect the leading components of the pathogenesis, on organ-sparing and comorbidities.
Vrach. 2014;25(6):17-20
17-20
FUNCTION OF WHITE BLOOD CELLS AND THEIR APOPTOTIC ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE ON HEMODYALISIS
Abstract
The quantitative composition of white blood cells, their functional activity, the populations and subpopulations of peripheral blood lymphocytes, apoptosis of the latter when stained with fluorochrome-conjugated annexin V and 7-aminoactinomycin D by flow cytometry were studied in 53 patients with chronic renal failure who received continuous renal replacement therapy at the Hemodialysis Unit of the Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Hospital.
Vrach. 2014;25(6):21-24
21-24
25-26
27-29
OSTEOPOROSIS IS A PROBLEM OF THE ELDERLY: TO ACCEPT OR TO BE TREATED?
Abstract
The paper gives data on optimizing the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis in the elderly. X-ray absorption was used to measure bone mineral density and cavitary mass sizes before and after therapy. Comparison of 3 medications could determine the most effective drug for the treatment of osteoporosis in elderly patients with androgen deficiency.
Vrach. 2014;25(6):30-32
30-32
33-35
36-38
DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERISTICS IN MODERN GERIATRICS
Abstract
The paper presents diagnostic approaches that enable age-related therapeutic and rehabilitation measures to be used in geriatric practice. It describes the fundamentals of a specialized geriatric examination to identify risks for lowering the quality of life in elderly and especially senile people.
Vrach. 2014;25(6):38-41
38-41
DIAGNOSIS OF LOWER EXTREMITY VEIN LESIONS IN THE PRESENCE OF CHRONIC HEART FAILURE IN THE ELDERLY
Abstract
The paper presents an original algorithm for the diagnosis of lower extremity vein lesions in elderly patients with chronic heart failure for its use in outpatient facilities that render primary health care. The use of this algorithm in outpatient practice can identify chronic venous insufficiency in elderly patients with chronic heart failure at early stages, which permits one to initiate timely treatment, to lower the proportion of patients with end-stage chronic venous insufficiency, to improve prognosis, to reduce the degree of disability in the elderly patients and pulmonary thromboembolism mortality rates and to improve quality of life in these patients.
Vrach. 2014;25(6):41-45
41-45
MODERATE COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS IN THE PRACTICE OF A THERAPIST: DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
Abstract
The frequency of moderate cognitive impairments in hypertensive patients was estimated through integrated assessment of main screening neuropsychological tests (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Mini-Cog test, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment) in 350 hypertensive outpatients aged 50 to 80 years. Their therapy with the dopamine agonist piribedil (Pronoran) for 3 months promoted cognitive improvement and a 20% decline in the number of non-dipper hypertensive patients and had no significant impact on vascular wall compliance and total peripheral vascular resistance.
Vrach. 2014;25(6):45-49
45-49
ADEMETIONINE IN ALCOHOL-RELATED LIVER DISEASES: A CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Abstract
Ademetionine (Heptral®, Abbott) in alcoholic liver cirrhosis improves the subjective health status of patients, diminishes the manifestations of asthenic and dyspeptic syndromes and the degree of jaun-dice, and positively affects the biochemical indicators of cytolysis and cholestasis. Ademetionine has been experimentally shown to have a hepatoprotective effect in chronic ethanol intoxication.
Vrach. 2014;25(6):49-52
49-52
53-56
TENSION HEADACHE AND POSSIBILITIES OF ITS MEDICAL CORRECTION
Abstract
Neurological status, the level of depression and anxiety, the quality of life, the intensity of pain, as well as the results of diagnostic transcranial magnetic stimulation have been assessed in patients with tension headache. The reduced posttreatment response amplitude may suggest the decreased excitability of the cortex by involving its less area.
Vrach. 2014;25(6):57-60
57-60
MEDICAL REHABILITATION OF ELDERLY WOMEN AFTER RADICAL MASTECOMY
Abstract
The paper describes a package of rehabilitative measures to arrest the given age-related specific features (an inadequate muscle strength increment, a more marked depressive state, a low level of general psychological well-being and social adaptation) after radical mastectomy in the elderly.
Vrach. 2014;25(6):60-62
60-62
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS AND THE SPECIFIC FEATURES OF PHARMACOTHERAPY IN SENSORINEURAL DEAFNESS OF VARYING ETIOLOGY
Abstract
The paper describes the clinical features and early and differential diagnosis of sensorineural deafness of varying etiology (congenital, or associated with ototoxic drugs, in-plant noise, and vascular or atherosclerotic changes). It describes the principles of current pathogenetically sound therapy with combined drugs containing group B preparations, as well as the use of nootropics.
Vrach. 2014;25(6):63-68
63-68
68-70
PREVENTION OF OCCUPATIONAL HAND CONTACT DERMATITIS IN HEALTHCARE WORKERS
Abstract
Professional contact and allergic dermatitis of the hand is the most common skin pathology in a number of healthcare workers who would have to contact aggressive chemical and physical agents. New-generation agents with the nanoliposomal structure provide comprehensive transepidermal barrier protection.
Vrach. 2014;25(6):71-72
71-72
73-77
CLINICAL AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF PANITUMUMAB IN PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC KRAS WILD-TYPE COLORECTAL CANCER
Abstract
The cost-efficiency ratio has been estimated using 2 therapy regimens in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): 1) a standard regimen: all patients with mCRC receive chemotherapy (CT) with panitumumab and FOLFOX and 2) a novel regimen: a surgeon selects patients for combined CT after additional counseling. The novel treatment regimen elaborated by the researchers of the Acad. B.V. Petrovsky Russian Surgery Research Center can increase the proportion of operated patients, by considerably reducing the costs.
Vrach. 2014;25(6):77-81
77-81
REHABILITATION OF ELDERLY AND SENILE PATIENTS AFTER SURGICAL INTERVENTION
Abstract
The paper gives the data available in the literature and the authofs investigations dealing with the rehabilitation of elderly and senile patients after surgical interventions. It describes current approaches to their rehabilitation, by determining the stage of senile asthenia during a specialized geriatric examination.
Vrach. 2014;25(6):82-84
82-84
COMBINATION PREVENTION OF ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA IN ELDERLY AND SENILE AGES
Abstract
Combination prevention of aspiration pneumonia (AP) in elderly and senile ages involves the timely detection of pulmonary risk factors, the early recognition of extrapulmonary factors that contribute to the development of AP, and adequate modification of behavioral and iatrogenic risk factors for the disease.
Vrach. 2014;25(6):84-87
84-87
87-89
ETIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN THE ELDERLY
Abstract
Community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly is one of the important problems of modern medicine since its clinical features are interwoven with microbiological diagnostic difficulties. The absence of identification of an etiologically relevant pathogen cannot substantiate rational antimicrobial chemotherapy.
Vrach. 2014;25(6):90-92
90-92
93-95
AGE-RELATED DIFFERENCES IN THE CYTOKINE STATUS IN CHRONIC HERPESASSOCIATED GASTRITIS
Abstract
The paper gives data on possible age-related differences in the changes of the cytokine status of patients with chronic gastritis, particularly on differences in the level of anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory factors in chronic herpes-associated gastritis. These data are virtually of importance in objectively evaluating the symptomatology of chronic gastritis and in elaborating corrective measures in the therapy of chronic gastritis.
Vrach. 2014;25(6):96-97
96-97
ROLE OF POSTEROEXTERNAL FOREARM DISLOCATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF VALGUS INSTABILITY OF THE ELBOW JOINT
Abstract
Forearm dislocation ranks next to shoulder one on the list of the most common upper limb displacements. Simple forearm dislocation may contribute to the lower range of movement, degenerative changes in the elbow joint, heterotopic ossification, or neurological deficit. During dislocation, there may be complete injury to the medial collateral ligament. Posteroexternal forearm dislocation may lead to permanent valgus or varus instability that promotes overall deterioration of clinical and X-ray parameters.
Vrach. 2014;25(6):98-99
98-99