Vol 29, No 8 (2018)

Acute respiratory infections are a very common pathology in childhood. The vast majority of respiratory infections are of viral origin. Another problem concerns children with frequent recurrent respiratory tract diseases, which are more prevalent in allergic patients and often accompanied by bacterial complications and chronic disease exacerbations. Complex prevention of recurrent respiratory infections should include microbiocenosis correction, vitamins and minerals intake as well as the use of intranasal interferon-based medications.

Children suffering from nutrition-dependent diseases (NDDs), such as rickets, anemia, chronic nutritional disorders, have significantly more commonly a compromised biological history. Children with NDDs have more relatives with locomotor system diseases; those with rickets have more relatives with cardiovascular diseases. The greatest influence is exerted by extragenital diseases, especially anemia, in the mother and by obesity and specific infection foci in the group of children with rickets. A compromised biological history, recurrent pregnancy and labor, birth asphyxia, prematurity, low birth weight, and breastfeeding lasting <6 months are the leading risk factors of rickets, iron-deficiency anemia, and chronic nutritional disorders at an early age.

The paper analyzes the features of the course of pregnancy, as well as perinatal outcomes in patients after hydatidiform mole. The inconsistency of the data available in the literature may be partly due to different inclusion criteria and to the heterogeneity of the groups under consideration.

The paper presents an update on lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (its etiology and pathogenesis, clinical presentations, classification, differential diagnosis, and treatment), a chronic autoimmune dermatosis, one of the clinical variants of circumscribed scleroderma.

A questioning method was used to investigate the prevalence of breakthrough bleeding in reproductive-aged women taking combined oral contraceptives.

The paper describes a case of successful combination intensive care of a child with os-teosarcoma, who had received drug treatment with high-dose methotrexate, which was compli-cated by severe sepsis with multiple organ failure, anuria, decompensated lactic acidosis, and severe hemodynamic instability. Extracorporeal detoxification was used along with medical treatments.

Evaluation of the ultrasound morphotypes and Doppler characteristics of the breast at the end of pregnancy has identified the gestational predictors of early hypogalactia associated with placental insufficiency and shown their high prognostic value in accordance with the methodological standards for evidence-based medicine.

Amplitude-integrated electroencephalography is a method for the continuous monitoring of the brain’s bioelectric activity, which can evaluate and predict the state of the central nervous system in newborns in the intensive care unit and in infants.

Myopia in preschool children is related to a family history; the preponderance of myopic refraction in adolescents is associated with the intensity of visual loads. In this connection, refraction studies conducted at a fixed age are relevant and necessary.

The paper considers the possible causes of inverted papilloma of the right maxillary sinus and the specific features of its instrumental diagnosis in a patient with a long history of chronic maxillary sinusitis

The author presents the successful experience in treating elderly patients with femoral neck fracture with current hip arthroplasty technologies and emphasizes the need to develop a rational endoprosthesis replacement system in patients of all ages.