Abstract
Objective: to study associations of ESR1 rs3020394 and rs1884051 and ESR2 rs4986938polymorphisms with the development of endometrial hyperplasia. Subjects and methods. The study included 1501 women: 520patients with simple endometrial hyperplasia and 981 control-group individuals. ESR1 rs3020394 and rs1884051 and ESR2 rs4986938polymorphisms were genotyped. Results. ESR2 rs4986938 polymorphism was established to be associated with the development of endometrial hyperplasia. The A/A genotype is a risk factor for the development of the disease (OR = 1.43). ESR2 rs4986938 polymorphism had substantial regulatory effects (it was located in the region of histones that marked enhancers in 17 different organs and tissues, at the DNase I hypersensitive sites in 6 tissues, in the DNA regulatory motif regions that were binding sites of 5 transcriptional factors (CTCF_known1, Nr2f2, Pax-61, Pax-81, and RAR) and affected the expression of the ESR2, SYNE2, and MTHFD1 genes. Conclusion. ESR2 rs4986938 polymorphism is associated with the development of endometrial hyperplasia.