The composition and stability of the vaginal microbiota in pregnant women during dynamic observation


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Abstract

Aim. To investigate the characteristics and stability of the vaginal microbiota in pregnant women during dynamic observation. Materials and methods. The study comprised 26 pregnant women aged 18 to 40 years with all trimesters of pregnancy. Inclusion criteria were primigravida status, age 18 to 40 years, and singleton pregnancy. Exclusion criteria were congenital fetal malformations and somatic comorbidities. All patients were investigated for vaginal microbiota composition. Results. The vaginal microbial communities were categorized into five Community State Types (CST) including CSTI(L.crispatus), CSTII(L.gasseri), CSTIII(L.iners), CSTIV(L. jensenii), and CSTV, which was dominated by conditional pathogens. The study findings showed that CSTIIconstituted the largest proportion (23.1-42.3%), followed by cStI(26.9-38.5%) and CSTIV(23.1%), while CSTIII type comprised 7.7%. In the overwhelming majority (96.2%) of pregnant women, the composition of vaginal microbiota remained relatively constant, and only in one (3.8%) pregnant woman significant changes were observed. An analysis of pregnancy outcomes showed that 20 (76.9%) women achieved a full term delivery and gave birth to healthy infants, and 6 (23.1%) women had premature rupture of membranes at 27-35 weeks’ gestation. Women with premature rupture of membranes had markedly dysbiotic vaginal microflora. Conclusion. A comprehensive microbiological evaluation provided new information on the composition of the vaginal microbiota in pregnant women and changes in the microbial community that may affect the pregnancy outcome. Timely correction of microecological disorders of the vaginal biotope will enable prevention of pregnancy and postpartum infectious complications. Evaluation of vaginal microbiota during pregnancy may have prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic value.

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About the authors

Zulfiya S. Khodzhaeva

V.I. Kulakov NMRC for OG&P of Minzdrav of Russia

Email: zkhodjaeva@mail.ru
Dr.Med.Sci., Professor, Head of #1 Obstetric Department of Pathology of Pregnancy

Tatiana V. Priputnevich

V.I. Kulakov NMRC for OG&P of Minzdrav of Russia

Email: t_priputnevich@oparina4.ru
Dr.Bio.Sci., Head of Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Clinical Pharmacology and Epidemiology

Vera V. Murav'eva

V.I. Kulakov NMRC for OG&P of Minzdrav of Russia

Email: v_muravieva@oparina4.ru
Ph.D. (Bio.Sci), Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Clinical Pharmacology and Epidemiology

Gulnara E. Guseinova

V.I. Kulakov NMRC for OG&P of Minzdrav of Russia

Email: g_guseynova@oparina4.ru
Ph.D. Student at the #1 Obstetric Department of Pathology of Pregnancy

Ksenia A. Gorina

V.I. Kulakov NMRC for OG&P of Minzdrav of Russia

Email: kseniagorina@gmail.com
Junior Researcher at the #1 Obstetric Department of Pathology of Pregnancy

Nataliia D. Mishina

V.I. Kulakov NMRC for OG&P of Minzdrav of Russia

Email: mis7ha@gmail.com
Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Genomics Data Analysis

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