Plasma cytokine level changes in preterm neonates with respiratory disorders in the early neonatal period


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Abstract

Aim. To investigate plasma cytokine profile changes in preterm neonates with respiratory disorders in the early neonatal period. Materials and methods. The study included 105 neonates born in our Center from January 2019 to November 2019. The study group consisted of 92 preterm neonates with gestational age (GA) 32-36 weeks who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) on the first day of life (DOL). The study group was divided into subgroups of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) (n=21), transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) (n=28), and congenital pneumonia (n=43). The control group included healthy early-term infants (GA 37 weeks). Plasma cytokine profiles of the neonates were analyzed. Blood samples were taken on days 1, 3, and 7 of life in the study group and day 1 of life in the control group. Blood samples were collected into EDTA tubes. Plasma cytokine profiling included pro-inflammatory (IFNy, TNFa, IL-1ß, IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17) cytokines, anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13) cytokines, chemokines (IL-8, MCP-1, MIP-1ß), and growth factors (IL-7, G-CSF, GM-CSF). Results. Among preterm neonates, plasma levels of cytokines at the beginning and the end of the early neonatal period differed from those on the first day of life and depended on the type of respiratory disorders. There were statistically significant changes for pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, INF-y, TNF-a), chemokines (IL-8, MCP-1, MIP-1ß), and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Conclusion. Plasma cytokine profiling in preterm neonates on the first DOL can be used for differential diagnosis and assessment of treatment effectiveness DOL7. An increase in IL-6 concentration on DOL1 is the most informative of the studied markers regarding differential diagnosis between congenital pneumonia, RDS, and TTN. The IL-6/IL-10 ratio can be used as an additional criterion for decision-making regarding discontinuation of antibiotic therapy in preterm infants with congenital pneumonia.

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About the authors

Irina V. Nikitina

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: i_nikitina@oparina4.ru
Ph.D., Leading Researcher at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit №2 of the Institute of Neonatology and Pediatrics, Associate Professor at the Department of Neonatology Moscow, Russia

Eugenia V. Inviyaeva

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: e_inviyaeva@oparina4.ru
PhD. (bio.sci.), Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Clinical Immunology Moscow, Russia

Olga A. Krog-Jensen

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)

Email: olgaborisevich@gmail.com
Ph.D., Neonatologist at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit №2 of the Institute of Neonatology and Pediatrics, V.I. Kulakov NMRC for OG&P, Ministry of Health of Russia; Associate Professor at the Department of Neonatology, I.M. Sechenov First MSMU, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University). Moscow, Russia

Valentina V. Vtorushina

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: v_vtorushina@oparina4.ru
Ph.D., Immunologist at the Laboratory of Clinical Immunology Moscow, Russia

Anna A. Lenyushkina

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: a-lenushkina@yandex.ru
Ph.D., Head of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit №2 of the Institute of Neonatology and Pediatrics, Associate Professor at the Department of Neonatology Moscow, Russia

Lubov V. Krechetova

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: l_krechetova@oparina4.ru
Dr. Med. Sci., Head of the Laboratory of Clinical Immunology Moscow, Russia

Viktor V. Zubkov

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)

Email: victor.zubkov@mail.ru
Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Director of the Institute of Neonatology and Pediatrics, Head of the Department of Neonatology, V.I. Kulakov NMRC for OG&P, Ministry of Health of Russia; Professor at the Department of Neonatology, I.M. Sechenov First MSMU, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University). Moscow, Russia

Dmitriy N. Degtyarev

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)

Email: d_degtiarev@oparina4.ru
Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Deputy Director for Research, V.I. Kulakov NMRC for OG&P, Ministry of Health of Russia; Head of the Department of Neonatology, I.M. Sechenov First MSMU, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University). Moscow, Russia

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