Balance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines of fetal membranes of patients with prelabor rupture of membranes at term

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Objective: To investigate the mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17A, IL-18, IL-23, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-10, TGFβ) cytokines in the membranes of patients with prelabor rupture of membranes at term (PROM).

Materials and methods: During a clinical study at the Samara State Medical University, 40 pregnant women with full-term pregnancies were studied. The inclusion criteria were singleton pregnancy, gestational age 37.0-41.0 weeks without non-obstetric comorbidities, exacerbation of chronic and acute inflammatory diseases, and obstetric complications (placental insufficiency, preeclampsia). All patients delivered via cesarean section. Indications for planned surgery were abnormal fetal position and presentation, and postoperative uterine scar (control group, n=16). An additional indication for emergency cesarean section was premature rupture of the membranes (study group, n=24). The mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17A, IL-18, IL-23, TNFα, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β were determined using RT-PCR (RT-PCR DNA technology).

Results: Expression of the mRNA genes IL-1β, IL-8, IL-18, and TNFα was observed in almost all subjects in both groups. The expression of IL-17 mRNA was not determined in any patient; IL-23 – in 7/24 (29.2%) of the study group and 3/16 (18.8%) of the control group; IL-4 expression – in 5/24 (20.8%) and 4/16 (25.0%), respectively, at an extremely low level. Expression of IL-6 and IFN-γ mRNA genes was observed slightly more often in 16/24 (66.7%) and 17/24 (70.8%) patients in the study group and in 6/16 (37.5%) and 7/16 (43.7%) patients in the control group. Significant differences between the groups were observed only for the expression of IL-8 gene mRNA – 105.44 (23.7; 648.93) RU and 33.49 (20.0; 116.6) RU and TGFβ – 216.63 (129.5; 329.9) RU and 112.5 (36.7; 182.4) RU in the study group and control group, respectively.

Conclusion: In patients with PROM, the main changes in the fetal membranes are a 3.1-fold increase in the expression of the IL-8 gene mRNA, which ensures the migration of immunocompetent cells (p=0.022), and a 1.9-fold increase in the expression of the TGFβ gene mRNA, which is responsible for epithelial-mesenchymal transition and thinning of the fetal membranes (p=0.024),

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作者简介

Maria Kaganova

Samara State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: mkaganova@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5879-418X

PhD, Associate Professor at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

俄罗斯联邦, Samara

Natalia Spiridonova

Samara State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: nvspiridonova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3390-8034

Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Vocational Education

俄罗斯联邦, Samara

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