卷 81, 编号 7 (2014)

Short information concerning the Moscow Economic Forum-2014 is given. Basic problems of national agricultural machinery industry and production of agricultural machinery are highlighted. An experience of establishment and effective operation of the Kolnag plant is considered as an example. General trends and development prospects for national agricultural machinery industry in the modern conditions are presented.

Basic soil cultivation technology combining moldboard and subsoil plowing into one technical process is developed. Ploughs of ПСБ-family suitable for tractors of various drawbar categories have been developed for implementation the new technology.

Special procedure for assessment of efficiency of energy use of exhaust gases from turbocharged engines in a wide range of loading modes and ambient air temperatures, based on the exergy method, is proposed. Reliability of the proposed procedure is confirmed experimentally. Ways of improvement of turbocharged diesel engines operational efficiency are outlined.

Typically independent power take-off shafts are used in tractors. In order to increase economical efficiency of aggregates when engines are underloaded, stabilized power take-off shaft and low-energy one are proposed for Belarus tractors of 1,4 and 5,0 categories. The prototype models passed the factory test.

Structural diagrams and theoretical background for substantiation of parameters of energy-saving undermining working organ are given.

The new preparation method for vitaminic grass flour from leaf part of grass plant is proposed, constructive and technological scheme of separator of small leaf part of grass plant is substantiated. As a result of theoretical researches equations of equivalent forces affecting plants’ stems in each quarter of circle of eccentric rotation are obtained, conditions for stems moving towards pitch of separator screen are determined.

It is found that optimal performance of soil cultivating units exists, wherein tillage costs are minimum. The simplified model of technological operation costs is considered. Dependence of optimal performance on specific conditions of agricultural production is shown.

To improve of motor vehicle reliability and increase its service life by means of high-quality fuel supply, universal method of quality rating of fuel during formation of fuel physical-and-chemical properties directly on engine is developed. Results of investigation representing data collection concerning values of dielectric constant for fuels of different physical-and-chemical compositions at different frequencies are given. These data can be used for optimization of engine control systems using a certain brand of fuel.