A new approach to assessing the consequences of radiation on the eye

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The authors propose a new approach to assessing the consequences of exposure to ionizing radiation on the structures of the eye. The approach is based on the results recently obtained by the authors together with employees of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, according to which radiation exposure causes oxidation of the bisretinoids contained in the structures of the eye - the retina and retinal pigment epithelium. As a result of this oxidation, the fluorescence spectrum of bisretinoids shifts to the blue region of the visible spectrum. The shift in the fluorescence spectrum can be recorded non-invasively using the method of recording fundus autofluorescence, which is currently generally accepted in ophthalmology. Since the oxidation of bisretinoids occurs during radiation exposure, it becomes possible almost immediately after irradiation to assess the degree of impact of ionizing radiation on both the structures of the eye and the body as a whole. There is no analogue to such a non-invasive assessment of the effects of radiation on the body. The proposed approach may become important for assessing the radiation safety of nuclear industry workers, astronauts, and patients undergoing proton or gamma therapy.

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Sobre autores

M. Ostrovsky

Lomonosov Moscow State University; Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Siences

Autor responsável pela correspondência
Email: ostrovsky3535@mail.ru

Faculty of Biology

Rússia, Moscow; Moscow

T. Feldman

Lomonosov Moscow State University; Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Siences

Email: feldmantb@mail.ru

Faculty of Biology

Rússia, Moscow; Moscow

Bibliografia

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2. Fig. 1. Diagram of the vertebrate eye. Irradiation of a mouse with accelerated protons or gamma rays at a dose of 4 Gy. A – structures of the eye: pupil, lens, retina and retinal pigment epithelium; B – retina, photoreceptor cells (rods and cones), retinal pigment epithelium, vascular membrane; C – fluorescence spectra of chloroform extracts obtained from the retinas and retinal pigment epithelium of mice irradiated with a dose of 4 Gy. The excitation wavelength was 488 nm. The fluorescence spectra are normalized at a wavelength of 550 nm Source: the drawing is adapted from [2].

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3. Fig. 2. The picture of autofluorescence of the human fundus: a large dark spot on the right is a blind spot (exit of the optic nerve); a small dark spot in the center is the area of central vision (macula)

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4. Fig. 3. The principle of spectral analysis of fundus autofluorescence – preclinical diagnosis of age-related macular degeneration [9, 18] A – comparative statistical analysis of the spectral characteristics of suspensions of retinal pigment epithelium cells from cadaveric donor eyes without signs of pathology (norm) and with signs of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The excitation wavelength is 488 nm. Fluorescence spectra were normalized at 592 nm; B – fluorescence spectra of suspensions of retinal pigment epithelium cells obtained from individual cadaveric eyes of a healthy donor (norm) at the age of 58 years and a donor with signs of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) at the age of 59 years; integral intensities in the spectral ranges I1 (530-580 nm) and I2 (600-650 nm) Source: the drawing is adapted from [10].

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