Geoenvironmental safety of urban areas: approaches and implementation

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Abstract

An urban area is the most important form of space-time interaction between society and nature. It is in the urbanized area that environmental problems are most acute. The developed Strategy of Ecological Safety of Russia for the period up to 2025 almost does not consider the role of geoenvironmental factors in the overall safety of the city. This article defines their place in the system of general ecological safety of urban areas. The structure of geoenvironmental hazards is introduced, and an example of their relationship is given. The algorithm of assessment is proposed and a version of the geoenvironmental safety system is developed for the urban area.

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About the authors

V. G. Zaikanov

Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience, Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: v.zaikanov@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Ulanskii per. 13, str. 2, Moscow, 101000

T. B. Minakova

Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: yasenevo312@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Ulanskii per. 13, str. 2, Moscow, 101000

E. V. Buldakova

Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: v.zaikanov@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Ulanskii per. 13, str. 2, Moscow, 101000

References

  1. Buldakova, E.V., Zaikanov, V.G., Minakova, T.B. Geoecologicheskaya bezopasnost’ urbanizirovannykh territorii (aktual’nost’ i podkhody k otsenke) [Geoecological safety of urban areas (relevance and approaches to assessment)]. Analiz, prognoz i upravlenie prirodnymy riskami. Materialy X mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-praktichekoi konferentsii “Georisk-2018” [Analysis, prediction and management of natural risks in global climate change “Georisk-2018’]. Moscow, RUDN, 2018, vol. 2 pp. 302–308 (in Russian)
  2. Zaikanov, V.G., Minakova, T.B. Geoekologicheskaya otsenka territorii [Geoecological assessment of territories]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 2005, 319 p. (in Russian)
  3. Minakova, T.B., Zaikanov, V.G. Problems of geoecological security in urban territories Geoekologiya, 2018, no. 3, pp. 18-26. (in Russian)
  4. Rodoman, B.B. Poliarizovannaya biosfera [Polarized biosphere]. Smolensk, Ecumene, 2002, 336 p. (in Russian)
  5. Forrester, J.W. World dynamics. Cambridge, Mass. Wright-Allen Press, Inc., 1971.
  6. Meadows, D.H., Meadows, D.L., Rangers, J., and W.W. Вehrens III. The limits of growth. New York, Universe Books, Potomac Associated Book, 1972.

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2. Fig. 1. The place of geoecological safety of the urbanized territory in the system of environmental safety.

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3. Fig. 2. An example of the relationship between the manifestation of primary and secondary geo-environmental hazards (for example, landslide hazard). Causes of hazards: 1 - gravity, 2 - cryogenic, 3 - fluvioglacial, 4 - seismic, 5 - man-made. Types of hazards I order: 6 - landslides. Types of primary consequences: 7 - transformation of the geosystem, 8 - accidents at engineering structures. Kinds of dangers of the II order: 9 - explosions, 10 - fires, 11 - oil spills, 12 - destruction of engineering structures. Types of consequences: 13 - transformation of plant cover, 14 - transformation of soil and / or soil, 15 - transformation of the hydrological regime.

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4. Fig. 3. A variant of the algorithm for assessing the degree of geoecological safety of an urbanized area.

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5. Fig. 4. Model of the structure of the geoecological safety system of an urbanized area DB - database.

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