A novel method for extraction of essential oil compounds from Foeniculum vulgare Mill. fruits

The aim of the work was to prove experimentally the possibility of extraction of main essential oil components from the Foe-niculum vulgare Mill. fruits by perfluoro organic solvents Novec 1230 and Novec 7100. Materials and methods. For study purposes, we used Foeniculum vulgare Mill. fruits with particle fraction of 0.1-0.5 mm. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of extracts were carried out by GC-MS and RP-HPLC methods. Two methods of extraction were used: simple maceration, plant raw material / solvent ratio 1:10 w/v, temperature 24±1 °С, maceration time 24 hours; circulation method: plant raw material / solvent ratio 1:5 w/v, solvent circulation time from 1 to 5 hours. Results and discussion. During maceration, the highest yield of anethole was observed in n-hexane, 96±4%, and in solvent Novec 7100, 94±4%, whereas in solvent Novec 1230, the yield of anethole was three times less, 28±2%. Solvents Novec 7100/1230 extracted identical compounds, and trans-anethole was the dominant one among them. The yield of anethole within two hours of solvent circulation was up to 82±4% for Novec 7100, and 89±4% for Novec 1230. Conclusions. The possibility of extraction of main components of essential oil from the plant raw material with perfluoro organic solvents Novec 1230/7100 by the example of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. fruits was experimentally tested. It was determined that the level of solvent molecule fluorination influenced its extraction properties with respect to anethole and fatty oil.

Novec 1230, Novec 7100, RP-HPLC, GC-MS, essential oil, anethole, Foeniculum vulgare Mill. fruits, Novec 1230, Novec 7100, n-hexane