Comparative characteristics of the susceptibility of Kupffer cells and macrophages of bone-background origin to activation factors

Introduction. In mammals, there are several populations of macrophages, developing from bone marrow progenitors and resident macrophages, developing from the embryonic precursors of the yolk. One of the reasons for the coexistence of several populations of macrophages may be their different role in inflammatory responses, which is associated with different susceptibility to activation factors. The aim of the study. To compare the susceptibility of macrophages of bone marrow and embryonic origin to the activation factors of M1- and M2-phenotypes. Materials and methods. As macrophages of embryonic origin, Kupffer cells of the liver were studied, they were compared with macrophages of monocytic (bone marrow) origin, obtained from intact male Wistar rats. Results. Gene expression of cytokines IL1b, IL6, and TNFa in Kupffer cells was found to increase only under the influence of elevated concentrations of LPS (100 ng/ml) or IL4 (40 ng/ml) and IL10 (40 ng/ml), except for the IL10 gene, the expression of which in liver macrophages increased under the influence of a medium containing 50 ng/ml LPS. The expression of the cytokine genes IL1b, IL6, IL10, and TNFa in monocytic macrophages increased under the influence of minimal concentrations of LPS (50 ng/ml) or IL4 (20 ng/ml) and IL10 (20 ng/ml). Conclusion. Kupffer cells and monocytic macrophages response to different inductors in a similar way and they simultaneously increase the expression of both pro-and anti-inflammatory markers. At the same time, macrophages of bone marrow (monocytic) origin in general compared with resident liver macrophages are more prone to activation factors, and especially to endotoxin, which is likely due to the development of LPS tolerance in Kupffer cells.

LPS, Kupffer cells, monocytes, macrophages, interleukins, LPS