Orcadian rhythm of melatonin receptor expression in the buccal epithelium of pregnant women and their newborn children: development of molecular markers for prognosis of delayed postnatal pathology

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Abstract

Introduction. Buccal epithelium (BE), in which cells the expression of signal molecules reflecting the state of homeostasis of the body in normal and pathological conditions is verified, is used as a diagnostic material for a number of diseases in adults. The aim of the research was to study the circadian rhythm of melatonin receptor (MT) expression in the buccal epithelium ofpregnant women and their newborn children for the possible development of a non-invasive method for molecular prediction of delayed postnatal pathology. Methods. The MT in blood serum and receptors MT1 and MT2 in BE was studied in 13 pregnant women and their newborns on the 3rd day of life at 12.00pm and at 04.00 am. Results. The concentration of MT in the blood of healthy pregnant women (group 1) differed during the day and at night time (12.2±0.1 and 81.6±7.0 pg/ml, p<0,001, respectively). In patients with obesity and gestational diabetes (group 2), there were no circadian fluctuations in the level of MT (31.9±1.5 and 35.9±1.0 pg/ml, respectively, p>0.05). A similar pattern was also observed in newborns of both groups, but the concentration of MT in the blood was significantly lower than in mothers. The expression of MT receptors in the buccal epithelium in pregnant women of both groups had the same pattern of changes as the concentration of MT in the blood: the circadian rhythm ofMT1 and MT2 receptors expression in patients of the first group and its absence in the second group. The children of group 1 had circadian fluctuations in the expression ofMT1 and MT2, while they were absent in the second group. During the daytime in the first group, blood MT level correlated with the expression of MT2 ((R=0.5), and at night with MT1(R=0.78) and MT2 (R=0.4). In children of the second group, there were no correlation between the blood MT levels and the expression of receptors. Conclusion. The results obtained give reason to consider the use of this non-invasive method promising for predicting the risk of delayed postnatal pathology, the development of which may be associated with intrauterine disruption of the formation of the circadian rhythm of MT.

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About the authors

Inna Ivanovna Evsyukova

Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott

Email: eevs@yandex.ru

Leading Researcher

Viktoriya Olegovna Polyakova

St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: info@spbniif.ru

PhD, Professor of Cell Biology, Head of the scientific center

Tatiana Sergeevna Kleimenova

St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: kleimenovats@gmail.com

Senior lecturer at the Department of Medical Biology, PhD

Igor Moiseevich Kvetnoy

FSBI «St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “St. Petersburg State University”

Email: igor.kvetnoy@yandex.ru

Head of the Center of Molecular Biomedicine

Michael Alexandrovich Paltzev

FGBOU VO “Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov”

Author for correspondence.
Email: mpaltz.ev@gmail.com

MD, PhD. Director, Center for Immunology and Molecular Biomedicine

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2. Fig. 1. The concentration of MT (pg / ml) in the blood of healthy (1) and sick (gestational diabetes mellitus) mothers Note. * – p<0.001, significant difference in daytime expression relative to the level of nighttime expression.

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3. Fig. 2. The concentration of МТ (pg / ml) in the blood of children from healthy (1) and sick (gestational diabetes mellitus) mothers Note. * – p<0.001, significant difference in daytime expression relative to the level of nighttime expression.

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4. Fig. 3. Optical density of МТ receptor expression (y.e) in buccal epithelium of healthy (1) and sick (gestational diabetes mellitus) mothers Note. * – p<0.001, significant difference in the nocturnal expression of type 2 melatonin receptors relative to the daytime level of expression of type 2 melatonin receptors.

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5. Fig. 4. Optical density (у.е.) of МТ receptor expression in the buccal epithelium of children from healthy (1) and sick (gestational diabetes mellitus) mothers Note. * – p<0.001, significant difference in the nocturnal expression of type 1 and type 2 melatonin receptors relative to the daytime level of type 1 melatonin receptor expression.

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