Study of the relationship of iron concentration with the ferritin and transferrin in blood serum

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Open Access Open Access
Restricted Access Access granted
Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Abstract

Introduction. Iron is one of the main elements for the vital activity of the body. Iron deficiency leads to the development of iron deficiency anemia, one of the most common diseases in the Russian Federation; excess iron induces oxidative stress. In this way, the diagnostics of iron metabolism is an important applied problem.

The aim of the study. The aim of the study was to establish reference intervals for serum iron, measured not by the routine method, but by the ICP-MS method, on a large sample; study of gender and age fluctuations of the level of serum iron; study of the relationship between the concentration of iron and the levels of ferritin and transferrin in the blood serum.

Material and methods. The study was performed on the basis of a database of laboratory analyzes. The number of laboratory tests for ferritin, transferrin, iron in serum was 6786, 1809, 13161, respectively. When determining the reference intervals, the Hoffman method was used.

Results. It was found that the concentration of iron in the blood serum among women is lower than among men, and this tendency persists up to 45–50 years, there are no differences in the later age period. The concentration of serum iron positively and statistically significantly correlates with the level of ferritin in all age groups in the total sample and in the group of women; among men, statistically significant positive correlations were found only in the age groups of 18–25 years and older than 56 years. Correlations of iron concentration with the level of transferrin are less intense: statistically significant correlations were found in the total sample in the age groups of 26–35 years and 46–55 years.

Conclusion. When calculating the reference intervals of serum iron, it is necessary to consider the gender and age dynamics of deviations. Aging processes have a greater impact on iron metabolism for women than for men.

Full Text

Restricted Access

About the authors

Vasiliy V. Yurasov

Laboratory of metabolomic diagnostics

Author for correspondence.
Email: v.yurasov@lab4p.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2320-9806

Medical Affairs Director Laboratory of metabolomic diagnostics. Candidate of Medical Sciences.

Russian Federation, Starokaluzhskoe sh. 63, Moscow, 117630

Arsenii R. Sadykov

Laboratory of metabolomic diagnostics

Email: arsenysadykov91@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1269-0427

Data analyst Laboratory of metabolomic diagnostics

Russian Federation, Starokaluzhskoe sh. 63, Moscow, 117630

Galina D. Morozova

Golikov Research Center of Toxicology; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Email: morozova0826@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8600-902X

Junior researcher Federal State Budgetary Institution «Scientific and Clinical Center of Toxicology named after S.N. Golikov FMBA of Russia». Laboratory assistant I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).

Russian Federation, Bekhtereva str. 1, St. Petersburg, 192019; Trubetskaya str. 8/2, Moscow, 119991

Eugenia D. Namiot

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Email: enamiot@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3725-6360

student I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Russian Federation, Trubetskaya str. 8/2, Moscow, 119991

Anna A. Logvinenko

Private healthcare institution «Central clinical hospital «RZD-Medicine»

Email: lgvnnk@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9788-998X

biologist of the clinical diagnostic laboratory Private healthcare institution «Central clinical hospital «RZD-Medicine»

Russian Federation, Volokolamskoe sh., 84, Moscow, 125367

Anatoly V. Skalny

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Peoples Friendship University of Russia,

Email: skalny.sport@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7838-1366

Head of the Center for Bioelementology and Human Ecology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University). Head of Department of Medical Elementology, Peoples Friendship University of Russia. Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor.

Russian Federation, Trubetskaya str. 8/2, Moscow, 119991; Mikluho-Maklaya str. 6, Moscow, 117198

References

  1. Abbasi U., Abbina S., Gill A., Takuechi L.E., Kizhakkedathu J.N. Role of Iron in the Molecular Pathogenesis of Diseases and Therapeutic Opportunities. ACS Chem Biol. 2021; 16 (6): 945–72. doi: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00122.
  2. Shen L., Zhou Y., He H., Chen W., Lenahan C., Li X., Deng Y., Shao A., Huang J. Crosstalk between Macrophages, T Cells, and Iron Metabolism in Tumor Microenvironment. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021; 2021: 8865791. doi: 10.1155/2021/8865791.
  3. Vogt A.S., Arsiwala T., Mohsen M., Vogel M., Manolova V., Bachmann M.F. On Iron Metabolism and Its Regulation. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021; 22 (9): 4591. doi: 10.3390/ijms22094591.
  4. Wang W., Knovich M.A., Coffman L.G., Torti F.M., Torti S.V. Serum ferritin: Past, present and future. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010; 1800 (8): 760–9. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2010.03.011
  5. Kumar A., Sharma E., Marley A., Samaan M.A., Brookes M.J. Iron deficiency anaemia: pathophysiology, assessment, practical management. BMJ Open Gastroenterol. 2022; 9 (1): e000759. doi: 10.1136/bmjgast-2021-000759
  6. Liu Z., Sun R., Li J., Cheng W., Li L. Relations of Anemia With the All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Mortality in General Population: A Meta-Analysis. Am. J. Med. Sci. 2019; 358 (3): 191–9. doi: 10.1016/j.amjms.2019.05.016.
  7. Groenveld H.F., Januzzi J.L., Damman K., van Wijngaarden J., Hillege H.L., van Veldhuisen D.J., van der Meer P. Anemia and mortality in heart failure patients a systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2008; 52 (10): 818–27.
  8. Li Z., Zhou T., Li Y., Chen P., Chen L. Anemia increases the mortality risk in patients with stroke: A meta-analysis of cohort studies. Sci Rep. 2016; 6: 26636. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2008.04.061.
  9. Bouri S., Martin J. Investigation of iron deficiency anaemia. Clin Med (Lond). 2018; 18 (3): 242–4. doi: 10.7861/clinmedicine.18-3-242.
  10. Means R.T. Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia: Implications and Impact in Pregnancy, Fetal Development, and Early Childhood Parameters. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (2): 447. doi: 10.3390/nu12020447.
  11. Hoffmann R.G. Statistics in the practice of medicine Jama. 1963; 185 (11): 864–73. doi: 10.1001/jama.1963.03060110068020.
  12. Евгина С.А., Савельев Л.И. Современные теория и практика референтных интервалов. Лабораторная служба. 2019; 8 (2): 36 44. doi: 10.17116/labs2019802136 [Evgina S.A., Saveliev L.I. Current theory and practice of reference interval. Laboratory Service. 2019; 8 (2): 36 44. doi: 10.17116/labs2019802136 (in Russian)].
  13. Alimonti A., Bocca B., Mannella E., Petrucci F., Zennaro F., Cotichini R., D’Ippolito C., Agresti A., Caimi S., Forte G. Assessment of reference values for selected elements in a healthy urban population. Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2005; 41 (2): 181–7.
  14. Forrer R., Gautschi K., Lutz H. Simultaneous measurement of the trace elements Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum and their reference ranges by ICP-MS. Biol. Trace Elem Res. 2001; 80 (1): 77–93. doi: 10.1385/BTER:80:1:77
  15. Vandecasteele C., Vanhoe H., Dams R., Versieck J. Determination of trace elements in human serum by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. Comparison with nuclear analytical techniques, Biol. Trace Element Res. 1990; 553: 26–7. doi: 10.1007/BF02992711.
  16. Muñiz C.S., Fernández-Martin J.L., Marchante-Gayón J.M., Garcia Alonso J.I., Cannata-Andia J.B., Sanz-Medel A. Reference values for trace and ultratrace elements in human serum determined by double-focusing ICP-MS. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2001; 82 (3): 259–72. doi: 10.1385/bter:82:1-3:259.
  17. Kim S.H., Kim Y., Kim N.S., Lee B.K. Gender difference in blood cadmium concentration in the general population: can it be explained by iron deficiency? J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2014; 28 (3): 322–7. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.02.003.
  18. Hugh R.D., Barth J.H. What is the evidence for gender differences in ferritin and haemoglobin? Critical reviews in oncology/hematology. 2010; 73 (1): 1–9. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2009.03.010.
  19. Garima S., Volgman A., Michos E.D. Sex differences in mortality from COVID-19 pandemic: are men vulnerable and women protected? Case Reports. 2020; 2: 1407–10. doi: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2020.04.027.
  20. Huang Xi, Yaojia Xu, and Nicola C. Partridge. Dancing with sex hormones, could iron contribute to the gender difference in osteoporosis? Bone 2013; 55 (2): 458. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2013.03.008.
  21. Levi M., Simonetti M., Marconi E., Brignoli O., Cancian M., Masotti A., Pegoraro V., Heiman F., Cricelli C., Lapi F. Gender differences in determinants of iron-deficiency anemia: a population-based study conducted in four European countries. Ann Hematol. 2019; 98 (7): 1573–82. doi: 10.1007/s00277-019-03707-w.
  22. Pasricha, Sant-Rayn S. «Diagnosis and management of iron deficiency anaemia: a clinical update.» Med. J. of Australia. 2010; 193 (9): 525–32. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2010.tb04038.x.
  23. Fernandez-Jimenez M.C., Moreno G., Wright I., Shih P.C., Vaquero M.P., Remacha A.F. Iron Deficiency in Menstruating Adult Women: Much More than Anemia. Womens Health Rep (New Rochelle). 2020; 1 (1): 26–35. doi: 10.1089/whr.2019.0011.
  24. Mansour D., Hofmann A., Gemzell-Danielsson K. A Review of Clinical Guidelines on the Management of Iron Deficiency and Iron-Deficiency Anemia in Women with Heavy Menstrual Bleeding. Adv Ther. 2021; 38 (1): 201–25. doi: 10.1007/s12325-020-01564-y.
  25. Wallace D.F. The regulation of iron absorption and homeostasis. Clin Biochem Rev. 2016; 37: 51–62.
  26. Milman N., Pedersen A.N., Ovesen L., Schroll M. Hemoglobin concentrations in 358 apparently healthy 80-year-old Danish men and women. Should the reference interval be adjusted for age? Aging clinical and experimental research, 2008; 20 (1): 8–14. doi: 10.1007/BF03324741.
  27. Fairweather-Tait S.J., Wawer A.A., Gillings R., Jennings A., Myint P.K. Iron status in the elderly. Mech Ageing Dev. 2014; 136: 22–8. doi: 10.1016/j.mad.2013.11.005.

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download
2. Age-related changes in the level of iron in the blood serum of men (black) and women (gray)

Download (87KB)
Indexing metadata

Copyright (c) 2023 Russkiy Vrach Publishing House

This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies