Changes in retinal vascular structure and blood biochemical markers of modeled white rats in short-term arterial hypertension

Introduction: Great progress has been made in the treatment of arterial hypertension (AH). However, despite the fact that new technologies have paved the way for practical medicine, the number of deaths and disabilities from diseases of the cardiovascular system continues to increase. Among these pathologies, hypertension occupies an important place.

Purpose of the study: To determine the correlation between changes in the content of creatinine, urea, residual nitrogen, the activity of creatine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase enzymes in the blood in the initial stage of arterial hypertension and the vascular structure of the retina.

Material and methods: The research was carried out on 15 chinchilla rabbits weighing 3–4 kg, which were divided into 3 groups of 5 animals each. The concentration of creatinine, urea, residual nitrogen (ROA), activity of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the blood was determined using reagent kits manufactured by the Human company on a semi-automatic BioScreen-2000 device manufactured in the USA. Results and discussions: It was established that in intact rabbits (group 1) systolic pressure fluctuated within 100–130 mm Hg, and diastolic – within 70–84 mm Hg. Blood creatinine ranged from 70 mg/dL to 84 mg/dL, and urea concentration ranged from 10 mg/dL to 42 mg/dL. LDH activity varied widely from 230 to 430 U/L. The total area of arteries of medium diameter is 4800–5600 µm3, and their permeability is 150–290 km. As a result of the introduction into the vein of experimental animals included in the 2nd group for 3 days of ergometrine maleate, the level of blood pressure changed moderately compared to the 1st group. Against the background of a relatively moderate increase in blood pressure, the amount of creatinine in the blood increased by 5% compared with the 1st group. The concentration of urea increased by 12%. The activity of CPK in the blood increased significantly (4%) in contrast to OA. LDH enzyme activity increased significantly (10%) (p=0.05). In group 3, there was an increase in systolic and diastolic pressure. The amount of residual nitrogen increased significantly. Significant changes were observed in the concentrations of markers characterizing the functional state of the liver (CPK, LDH).

Conclusion. Thus, it can be concluded that short-term administration of ergometrine maleate moderately increases blood pressure.