The impact of low doses of ethanol on the taxonomic composition and biodiversity of the microbiota in the small and large intestines of C57Bl6 mice

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Alcohol consumption has a detrimental effect on human health and is associated with various pathological changes in the body. In addition to the toxic effect on various tissues and organs, ethanol and its metabolites contribute to persistent changes in the composition and metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota, which can affect eating behavior and the functioning of the endocrine and immune systems of the macroorganism. Most studies describe the effect of long-term alcohol consumption on the colon microbiome, while there is insufficient data on the effect of short-term alcohol consumption in small amounts on the microbial composition of the intestine, including the small intestinal microbiota.

The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of short-term alcohol consumption in small doses separately on the microbiota of the small and large intestines of C57Bl6 mice.

Material and methods. To achieve this goal, in this study, high-throughput metagenomic sequencing of the contents of the small and large intestines was carried out separately for each animal of two experimental groups: twelve C57Bl6 mice that received a standard diet, and twelve C57Bl6 mice that received a standard diet and 0.0016 g of ethanol, administered daily through a gastric tube for 28 days. For the microbial communities of the small and large intestines of the studied mice, the structure was analyzed at the level of classes, orders, families, genus and species.

Results. It was found that a 28-day standard diet with low doses of alcohol did not influence the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism or the microbial community diversity indices in the small and large intestines of mice but was accompanied by taxonomic changes in the microbiota associated with the development of dysbiosis or inflammation state.

Conclusion. The results of this study will help fill the gap in the data regarding the effects of low doses of ethanol on the intestinal microbiota, which may be considered in planning a diet or therapy.

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作者简介

Tatiana Laskina

Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University», Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: tanya.tata.98@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0009-1484-3061

Assistant at the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry

俄罗斯联邦, Ostrovityanova St., 1, Moscow, 117997

Anastasia Zabolotneva

Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University», Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: a.zabolotneva@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5389-7833

Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry

俄罗斯联邦, Ostrovityanova St., 1, Moscow, 117997

Dmitriy Kharchev

Positive Technologies JSC

Email: khardim08@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-1686-6288

Senior Specialist

俄罗斯联邦, Preobrazhenskaya Square, 8, office 60, Moscow, 107061

Aleksandr Shestopalov

Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University», Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: al-shest@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1428-7706

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor. Head of the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry

俄罗斯联邦, Ostrovityanova St., 1, Moscow, 117997

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2. Fig. 1. Dynamics of changes in the average body weight of animals in comparison groups during the four-week experiment (а) and results of biochemical parameter analysis in the serum of mice in comparison groups: (б) fasting glucose level, (в) total cholesterol level, (г) triacylglycerol level.

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3. Fig. 2. Differences in the representation of bacterial taxa in the microbiota of the small and large intestines of mice receiving ethanol compared to the microbiota of mice maintained on a standard diet without ethanol (see text for details)

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4. Fig. 3. Comparison of the microbial representation of various phyla in the small and large intestines of mice maintained on a normal diet (ND) or a diet supplemented with ethanol (LD). Differences were observed in the representation of Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Deferribacteres, and Tenericutes in the small and large intestines. Comparison was performed using the Mann–Whitney test

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