Sensitization profile of adult patients with allergic bronchial asthma

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  • Authors: Churyukina E.V.1,2, Ukhanova O.P.3,4, Kotieva I.M.1, Dodokhova M.A.1, Gulyan M.V.1, Avilov A.V.5, Koreeva E.V.6
  • Affiliations:
    1. Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Rostov State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
    2. FSBEI HE “Kuban State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health Care of Russia
    3. FSBEI HE “Stavropol State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
    4. Federal State Budgetary Institution “North Caucasus Federal Scientific and Clinical Center” FMBA
    5. Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education “Don State Technical University”, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation
    6. State Autonomous Institution of the Rostov region «Regional Consultative and Diagnostic Center»
  • Issue: Vol 23, No 1 (2025)
  • Pages: 41-48
  • Section: Original research
  • URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/1728-2918/article/view/689299
  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.29296/24999490-2025-01-05
  • ID: 689299

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Abstract

Introduction. Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous disease involving different phenotypes. The allergic phenotype is the most studied model of asthma. Identification of causally significant allergens by determining allergen-specific IgE is the key to precision medicine in allergy. Microchip technology makes it possible to analyze the molecular profiles of sensitization of patients with allergies, identify major allergens, and develop personalized approaches to allergenic immunotherapy.

Objective: to evaluate the sensitization profile in adult patients with allergic bronchial asthma in the Rostov region of southern Russia using molecular allergodiagnostics.

Material and methods. In an open multicenter retrospective cohort non-randomized study, individual maps of 166 adult patients with a verified diagnosis of bronchial asthma who underwent molecular allergodiagnostics using the Allergy Explorer 2 (ALEX2) allergochip method were analyzed. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the Microsoft Office Excel 2010 and Statistica 10.0 for Windows software package.

Results. According to the results of the study, polysensitization prevails among adult patients with an allergic asthma phenotype, and the leading value of pollen sensitization has been established. The dominant, clinically significant pollen allergens in 100% of cases are weeds (in 41.0% of the examined), among which the major allergen ambrosia Amb a 1 (43.98%) prevails, followed by wormwood Art v 1 (23.49%). In most cases, tree pollen determines subclinical sensitization in 77.7% of patients and causally significant in only 22.3%. The high frequency of sensitization to cross-reactive molecules causes IgE-mediated reactions to plant products (fruits [43.4%], nuts [30.7%]), latex [21.7%]).

Conclusion. The study allowed us to establish the spectrum of sensitization of adult patients with allergic asthma phenotype, revealed the predominant causally significant role of weed pollen allergens in the development of seasonal pollen allergy in the Rostov region, determined the causally significant major molecules of pollen sensitization, which is important for the correct selection of patients for allergenic immunotherapy in the future.

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About the authors

Ella V. Churyukina

Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Rostov State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; FSBEI HE “Kuban State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health Care of Russia

Author for correspondence.
Email: echuryukina@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6407-6117

Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Allergic and Autoimmune Diseases, Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Laboratory Diagnostics of the Faculty of Advanced Training and Professional Retraining of Specialists, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor

Russian Federation, Nakhichevansky Lane, 29, Rostov-on-Don, 344022; M. Sedina str., 4, Krasnodar, 350063

Olga P. Ukhanova

FSBEI HE “Stavropol State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Federal State Budgetary Institution “North Caucasus Federal Scientific and Clinical Center” FMBA

Email: uhanova_1976@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7247-0621

Professor of the Department of Clinical Immunology with the Course of Additional Professional Education, Head, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor

Russian Federation, Mira str., 310, Stavropol, 355017; Sovetskaya str., 24, Yessentuki, 357600

Inga M. Kotieva

Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Rostov State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: kukulik70@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2796-9466

Vice-Rector for Scientific Work, head of the Department of Pathological Physiology

Russian Federation, Nakhichevansky Lane, 29, Rostov-on-Don, 344022

Margarita A. Dodokhova

Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Rostov State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: dodohova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3104-827X

head of the Central Research Laboratory, professor of the Department of Pathological Physiology, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor

Russian Federation, Nakhichevansky Lane, 29, Rostov-on-Don, 344022

Marina V. Gulyan

Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Rostov State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: 25marinablik@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6023-8916

Head of the Department of Scientific Policy and Organization of Scientific Research, Associate Professor of the Department of Pathological Physiology, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor

Russian Federation, Nakhichevansky Lane, 29, Rostov-on-Don, 344022

Alexey V. Avilov

Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education “Don State Technical University”, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation

Email: znakav@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5484-3826

Associate Professor of the Department of Instrumentation and Biomedical Engineering, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor

Russian Federation, Gagarin Square, 1, Rostov-on-Don, 344002, Rostov-on-Don

Elena V. Koreeva

State Autonomous Institution of the Rostov region «Regional Consultative and Diagnostic Center»

Email: el.koreeva@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8808-9067

Allergologist-Immunologist

Russian Federation, Pushkinskaya str., 127, Rostov-on-Don, 344000

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