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№ 1 (2010)

Статьи

Использование тамсулози на в профилактике и лечении симптомов, связанных с наличием у пациентов внутреннего стента

Мартов А.Г., Максимов В.А., Ергаков Д.В., Мирошников В.М., Асфандияров Ф.Р., Калашников Е.С., Martov A.G., Maximov V.A., Ergakov D.V., Miroshnikov V.M., Asfandiyarov F.R., Kalashnikov E.S.

Аннотация

The study of efficacy and safety of tamsulosin in therapy of stent-related symptoms has demonstrated that tamsulosin relieves stent-related irritative symptoms and improves quality of life. Further prospective trials are needed to finally assess tamsulosin efficacy.
Урология. 2010;(1):3-8
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Функциональное состояние почек после оперативных методов лечения больных коралловидными камнями

Акулин С.М., Яненко Э.К., Демин А.И., Никитинская Л.П., Akulin S.M., Yanenko E.K., Demin A.I., Nikitinskaya L.P.

Аннотация

Renal function in patients with stag-horn nephrolithiasis was assessed after two surgical treatments - percutaneous nephrolitholapaxy (PCNL) and pyelonephrolithotomy. The function of the operated and contralateral kidneys was studied early and late after operation by parameters of blood biochemistry, Doppler investigation of renal parenchyma, dynamic nephroscintigraphy. Stabilization or improvement of blood biochemical indices was observed in 58(70%) patients. A secretory renal function late after surgery (from 6 months to 2 years) evidenced for improvement or stabilization of renal function (according to radionuclide test) in 71 (85.5%) patients. Integral parameters of renal blood flow were physiological or improved versus preoperative ones. PCNL was made in patients with deficient secretion less than 70%, 35(87.5%) patients were diagnosed to have stabilization or functional improvement. After open intervention functional improvement took place in 11(25.6%) patients, stabilization of renal function occurred in 25(58.1%) patients. Tubular secretion deterioration was seen much more frequently in patients after open intervention. PCNL is less invasive surgical intervention than pyelonephrolithotomy as this technique produces milder surgical trauma and does not result in intraoperative renal ischemia. PCNL is the most effective surgical modality in stag-horn concrements of the kidneys and significantly expands potential of low-invasive treatment of such patients.
Урология. 2010;(1):8-12
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Эффективность фторхинолонов при действии на биопленки возбудителей уроинфекций

Тец В.В., Артеменко Н.К., Заславская Н.В., Тец Г.В., Tets V.V., Artemenko N.K., Zaslavskaya N.V., Tets G.V.

Аннотация

Our investigations demonstrated that fluoroquinalones affect both formation and established urological bacterial biofilms which present difficulties for antimicrobial therapy because incomplete eradication of uroinfection promotes persistence and development of chronic processes. Fluoroquinalones reduce biofilm mass and number of CFU. The affected biofilms become less resistant to external impacts. This provides a more potent action of antibiotic and, finally, a good therapeutic effect of the drug. Levofloxacin (floracid®) showed the highest activity among fluoroquinalones studied. It actively suppresses uroinfection bacteria in biofilms and lowers the risk of the infection recurrence.
Урология. 2010;(1):13-17
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Клас сификация осложнений уретропластики при гипоспадии

Коган М.И., Митусов В.В., Шангичев В.А., Сизонов В.В., Kogan M.I., Mitusov V.V., Shangichev V.A., Sizonov V.V.

Аннотация

The article presents the data on surgical treatment of 126 patients with hypospadias (a total of 343 operations). This experience gave rise to classification of complicated forms of hypospadias proposed by the authors.
Урология. 2010;(1):17-21
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Гипербарическая оксигенация в комплексном лечении интерстициального цистита

Пушкарь Д.Ю., Зайцев А.В., Гавриленко А.П., Мацаев А.Б., Касян Г.Р., Колонтарев К.Б., Фарманов Р.Ф., Pushkar D.Y., Zaitsev A.V., Gavrilenko A.P., Matsaev A.B., Kasyan G.R., Kolontarev K.B., Farmanov R.F.

Аннотация

A total of 116 female patients with painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis aged 32-78 years (mean age 56 ± 2.4 years) entered the trial. They were divided into two groups according to treatment. Group 1 (n = 54) received 10-day combined conservative treatment consisting of antimicrobial drugs (if urinary infection was diagnosed), angioprotectors, mast cell activity stabilizers and bladder instillation with combined solution. Group 2 included 62 patients whose treatment included complex anti-inflammatory therapy in combination with HBO sessions (7-10 sessions in barochamber OKA-MT, 2.0 ± 0.2 atm). Subjective (the disease course, pain intensity, 24-h and nocturnal pollakiuria, effective urine volume) and objective (microcirculation in the bladder wall) results were assessed. Dopplerograms revealed venous stagnation. Patients of group 2 had a persistent improvement of microcirculation in bladder mucosa as shown by better blood flow in the veins and arterioles. In group 1 the above improvement was less pronounced. Thus, HBO in combined treatment of interstitial cystitis improves treatment results and promotes long-term remission of the disease.
Урология. 2010;(1):22-24
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Синтетические протезы в оперативном лечении женщин с недержанием мочи при напряжении, сочетающимся с генитальным пролапсом

Нечипоренко Н.А., Нечипоренко А.Н., Юцевич Г.В., Nechiporenko N.A., Nechiporenko A.N., Yutsevich G.V.

Аннотация

Simultaneous surgical treatment of females with genital prolapse and stress urinary incontinence using Gynecare Prolift, TVT techniques with use of mesh, colpo-urethrosuspension with threads corrected static disorders of the genital organs in 96.7 ± 3.3% cases, resulted in adequate continence in 93.3 ± 4.6% operated patients. A 1.5 to 8 month postoperative follow-up registered adequate urination (no residual urine, complete continence) in 93.3 ± 4.6% patients.
Урология. 2010;(1):25-29
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Сравнительное клиническое рандомизированное исследование эф фективности и безопасности цернилтона® у пациентов с хрониче ким неинфекционным простатитом

Аполихин О.И., Аляев Ю.Г., Сивков А.В., Винаров А.З., Ощепков В.Н., Кешишев Н.Г., Бедретдинова Д.А., Ахвледиани Н.Д., Apolikhin O.I., Alyaev Y.G., Sivkov A.V., Vinarov A.Z., Oschepkov V.N., Keshishev N.G., Bedretdinova D.A., Akhvlediani N.D.

Аннотация

The trial of efficacy and safety of two doses of the drug cernilton® in patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis made in the Research Institute of Urology and I.M. Sechenov Medical Academy in 2008 gave evidence for subjective (NIH-CPSI, Sex-4, IPSS and other scales, QOL) and objective (leucocyte count in prostatic secretion) pronounced anti-inflammatory effects of the drug which persist for at least 6 months. Comparison of the two doses of cernilton® showed significant differences in subjective response of the patients (NIH-CPSI and Symptom Frequency Scale). Cernilton® is recommended as a medication of choice for treatment of patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis.
Урология. 2010;(1):29-34
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Клинико-иммунологическое обоснование интерферонотерапии при хроническом бактериальном простатите

Камалов А.А., Ефремов Е.А., Дорофеев С.Д., Третьяков А.А., Охоботов Д.А., Мельник Я.И., Бедретдинова Д.А., Kamalov A.A., Efremov E.A., Dorofeev S.D., Tretiakov A.A., Okhobotov D.A., Melnik Y.I., Bedretdinova D.A.

Аннотация

The study of changes in the immune status of patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis demonstrated changes in immunological parameters reflecting depression of the immune system (subnormal levels of interferon alpha, gamma, sIgA, functional activity of neutrophils, high concentration of IgA, IgG, IgM). Thus, combined treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis must include administration of immunomodulators.
Урология. 2010;(1):34-38
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Этиологические и прогностические аспекты почечной недостаточности у больных аденомой предстательной железы

Братчиков О.И., Амбарян А.А., Шумакова Е.А., Хмарук А.П., Крюков А.А., Трифонов Е.Ю., Михайлов Д.В., Абдулджалил Шукри М.А., Bratchikov O.I., Ambaryan A.A., Shumakova E.A., Khmaruk A.P., Kryukov A.A., Trifonov E.Y., Mikhailov D.V., Abduldzhalil Shukri M.A.

Аннотация

The aim of our study was to assess the causes of renal failure in patients with prostatic adenoma (PA) and outcomes after draining of the urinary bladder. A retrospective study comprised 239 PA patients with a serum creatinine level over 120 mcmol/l. Outcomes were assessed after 3-5 day and 2.5 month bladder draining. The Spearman test was used for statistical analysis. We found that age, prostate volume, PA growth pattern, urinary tract infection, concomitant pathology (arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis) do not correlate with a serum creatinine level. The presence of bilateral retention of the upper urinary tract was associated with a higher serum creatinine level. There is a significant correlation between lowering of a serum creatinine concentration after bladder draining and the level of upper urinary tract retention.
Урология. 2010;(1):38-43
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Эффективность спинально-эпидуральной анестезии у гериатрических урологических больных

Насирова Р.И., Nasirova R.I.

Аннотация

Comparative efficacy of spinal anesthesia (SA), epidural anesthesia (EA) and spinal-epidural anesthesia (SEA) during surgery was studied in 72 urologic patients aged from 66 to 92 years. By the method of anesthesia the patients were divided into three groups: SA was used in group 1 (n = 24), EA - in group 2 (n = 27), SEA - in group 3 (n = 20). The efficacy of anesthesia was assessed by parameters of central hemodynamics, sensorial and motor characteristics. The results of the comparison of the anesthesia method showed that SEA combines advantages of EA and SA and is a useful technique for urologic geriatric surgery as it is characterized by a rapid onset, complete analgesia, absence of toxicity of local anesthetics, adequate muscle relaxation of the spinal block; catheterization of the epidural space extends the area of anesthesia, prolongs the time of anesthesia and provides continuous postoperative analgesia. No cases of postdural puncture headache were observed.
Урология. 2010;(1):43-46
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Качество жизни больных раком простаты при гормональном лечении

Аляев Ю.Г., Асламазов Э.Г., Демидко Ю.Л., Alyaev Y.G., Aslamazov E.G., Demidko Y.L.

Аннотация

Our experience of kalumide (bikalutamide) administration in patients with prostatic cancer agrees with the data of other investigators on a good effect of the drug on quality of life of patients with prostatic cancer.
Урология. 2010;(1):46-51
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К вопросу об объеме выполнения биопсии предстательной железы

Чепуров А.К., Владимиров В.Г., Зеринская С.А., Мешков В.В., Ко баладзе К.М., Иремашвили В.В., Chepurov A.K., Vladimirov V.G., Zerinskaya S.A., Meshkov V.V., Kobaladze K.M., Iremashvili V.V.

Аннотация

The aim of our trial was to investigate correlation between the size of the prostate and probability of cancer detection with transperineal biopsy. Transperineal 12-sample biopsy of the prostate was made in 203 men aged 48-58 years (mean age 68.0 ± 8.6 years) suspected of having prostatic cancer (PC). Total detection of cancer was 33.5%. PC patients had higher levels of PSA, more frequent alterations at rectal palpation and transrectal ultrasound investigation, while mean size of the prostate was the same in cancer and cancer-free patients. Differences in PC detection rate in patients with different sizes of the prostate were statistically insignificant. Use of sextant biopsy could not detect PC in 15 males (22.1%) cases. Thus, there is no correlation between the size of the prostatic gland and diagnostic value of transperineal biopsy obtaining 12 tissue samples. The above data do not support the necessity of extended biopsy in patients with large prostate.
Урология. 2010;(1):52-55
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Клинико-эксперименальное обоснование выбора оптимального способа контактной пневматической уретеролитотрипсии

Глыбочко П.В., Николенко В.Н., Фомкин Р.Н., Понукалин А.Н., Блюмберг Б.И., Glybochko P.V., Nikolenko V.N., Fomkin R.N., Ponukalin A.N., Blumberg B.I.

Аннотация

We studied morphobiomechanical properties of the ureters of 134 adult people, results of treatment of 178 patients suffering from ureterolithiasis which were divided into two groups: the comparison group (n = 97) in which contact lithotripsy was carried out without power dosage lithotripter and the study group (n = 81) in which stone decomposition results were analysed with account of impulse duration and power of the shock wave estimated with special tables for an individual patient. We developed expert tables presenting optimal regimens for power pneumatic lithotriptor for fragmentation of a concrement with the least traumatic effect taking into account sex, age of the patient, size, chemical composition and location of the concrement. The above expert tables can be used in urological departments practicing contact ureterolithotripsy for ureterolithiasis, and in medical high schools for teaching students.
Урология. 2010;(1):56-61
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Оптимизация лечения энуреза у детей с использованием транскраниальной магнитотерапии

Отпущенникова Т.В., Казанская И.В., Волков С.В., Райгород ский Ю.М., Otpuschennikova T.V., Kazanskaya I.V., Volkov S.V., Raigorodsky Y.M.

Аннотация

A total of 58 children (age from 6 to 14 years) suffering from nocturnal enuresis (NE) were divided into two groups. The study group received basic therapy (driptan dose was reduced to 2.5 mg twice a day) in combination with transcranial bitemporal magnetotherapy (TcMT). The control group received placebo TcMT and basic therapy. It is shown that addition of TcMT to reduced basic therapy lowered the score of imperative voiding symptoms 1.3-fold, number of enuresis patients 1.7-fold, volume of the bladder 6.8 months after the treatment 1.9-fold, corrected vegetative status and activity of the subcortical nervous center in 24% children according to cardiointervalography versus the controls. Thus, TcMT improves clinical effect in NE patients in 2-fold reduction of pharmacological burden.
Урология. 2010;(1):61-65
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Эректильная дисфункция: возможности клеточной терапии

Смирнов В.Н., Пальцев М.А., Смирнов В.А.
Урология. 2010;(1):65-71
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Острый гломерулонефрит, осложнившийся острым обструктивным пиелонефритом

Максимов В.А., Борисик В.И., Яровой С.К., Забиров К.И., Чу маков А.М., Кукушкина Л.Ю.
Урология. 2010;(1):71-73
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Острый обструктивный пиелонефрит, вызванный инородным телом мочевого пузыря

Давидов М.И., Игошев А.М., Митягин П.Н.
Урология. 2010;(1):73-76
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