Vol 21, No 4 (2019)

The article describes theoretical basis of using machine learning, especially neural networks to optimise modelling process of world-class scientific and educational centers creation. The authors analyzed the machine learning process: cognitive recognition system, cognitive decision-making system, cognitive informatics, cognitive robotics. The options were identified for the application of machine learning methods in the process of solving the problem of optimizing the organisational structure of Samara region innovation activities stimulation and development. In addition, the article highlights some decision-making approaches in the process of creating a scientific and educational center which is based in region with regional main participants and setting the goal of reaching the world level. The results of the analysis showed the potential of the Samara-Tolyatti agglomeration to create a scientific and educational center, identified the main areas of activity of it. As a result of the study, a mechanism was identified for bringing technology and research to world markets. A structure was built, and the process of development of the environment of the research and education center was determined. The authors identified the experience and achievements of scientific schools as the basis for the development of the scientific and educational center, while dividing them into three levels: regional, federal and world-class. The results of the study are confirmed by approved regulatory legal acts.

The inner surface of the holes in the ends of tubing pipes used in oil production is most prone to deterioration. The mechanical loads combined with corrosion lead to the formation of pits on the surface of the holes. A tubing burst leads to significant financial, technological and environmental losses. The existing methods of non-destructive inspection do not allow to measure the depth of a corrosion pit (cavity) on the surface of the pipe end hole. We propose the construction of the device for monitoring the pipe inner surface closely adjacent to its end. The device uses the optical principle of monitoring the presence and the depth of corrosion pits on the surface of the tubing pipe end hole. The device uses structured lighting of the ring of the hole surface. Judging by the out-of-roundness of the light-shadow border, we evaluated the depth of the defects on the hole surface. The device was tested and calibrated on a special stand, where the depth of the cavity was changed with a step of 30 microns. The reflected light flow from the target surface was recorded by a video camera. Tests of the device showed its resistance to the disturbances in the form of stray lighting, electromagnetic interference, vibrations and dirt in the room (no special operating conditions are required). The length of the corrosion pit does not affect the sensitivity of the device. If the material of the controlled tubing changes, the device shall be calibrated. For a 4 mm long defect, the depth of the corrosion pit up to 1.5 mm can be detected. Preliminary calibration of the device allows to reduce the measurement errors caused by the technological and operational reasons. The developed device is able to detect the presence of a corrosion pit on the hole surface. The accuracy of measuring the depth of the defect on the pipe surface is not less than 150 microns, which is acceptable for oil pipe repair plants. The device can be operated manually and can be built into an automated control system. The monitoring results can be documented. The developed device can be used in other areas: inspection of holes made in reinforced concrete structures, inspection of surface of the holes of chemical production pipes, GTE fuel system, etc.

The article discusses mathematical models for diagnosis. polymer composite materials by radio wave methods.

The two-level generation model taking into account kinetic and optical losses has been applied to predict power performance of a continuous-wave oxygen-iodine laser (cw OIL) with chemical, electric discharge, and optical pumping. The cw OIL operating modes mapping method using similarity criteria, which allows to classify them vividly according to the power efficiency level, has been modified. A method for simplified estimation of the peak power efficiency of cw OILs with different pumping types has been developed. A comparative analysis of the power efficiency calculation results by using both methods and the experimental data has shown their applicability in practically important cases when low losses are ensured.

The article is devoted to the study of the anomaly and fraud detection problem in the data from social services. The problem of detecting anomalies is extremely relevant for data-based processes in the digital economy. In this paper, we propose a two-step approach for the phased detection of anomalies using auto-encoders and the contingency criterion. An experimental study of the efficiency of the proposed algorithms was conducted on an open test data set.

Currently, a large number of cooperative enterprises, which form the centers of competence for the production of various parts, assemblies and parts of aircraft, take part in the production of high-tech aviation equipment. This division of production leads to the need to transport components and products from the manufacturer to the factory assembler. The number of transported products also includes various large-sized elements of the airframe. For the safety of transported products designed and manufactured special packaging, which also affects the timing of design and technological preparation of production. This article will consider the process of designing containers for transporting the structural elements of the airframe and the possibility of its automation.

The report presents technological schemes of free and forced filling of pores of a powder composition by a metal melt. An example of testing the proposed schemes was impregnation of the powder composition «B-Al-W» with the aluminum melt. Forced impregnation was carried out by the action of a pulsed magnetic field on the melt. Experimentally, with the help of metallographic research, the boundary of penetration of the melt into the pores of the powder depending on the magnitude of the force action on the melt was established. The feasibility of the developed method of cladding of the powder by the metal melt is confirmed and the directions of further systemic research in the development of new technologies are determined.

In article results are shown of research of critical conditions of process of impact of a bullet of fire-arms with the plate of steel. Process of distruction of a steel plate in the field of punching with cutting down of stopper is investigated at impact of a bullet with a barrier. Research of a mode of punching of a barrier with cutting down of stopper has the importance for expert departments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for the purpose of identification of the weapon with the maximum quantity of factors of identification, and for developing of methods of modelling of process of destruction of the armour, analytical calculations and empirical researches. In work the experimental research technique of punching a barrier at specially developed stand with remote descent is described. The basic classes of fire-arms for research of area of critical conditions punching barrier with cutting down of stopper are used some. Experiments for punching of a barrier with cutting down of stopper are conducted for different calibres and types of bullets of classes of short-barrelled and long-barrelled fire-arms. The analysis of process of deformation and destruction of a material of a barrier and bullet as a result of process with cutting down of stopper is made. Process with cutting down of stopper is investigated at front and lateral impact of a bullet with the steel and lead core with a barrier. The estimation of high-speed and energy modes in process with cutting down of stopper and conditions of possibility of incomplete process with cutting down of stopper is made.