No 14 (2009)

Advances in hormonal contraception have led to the creation of new estrogen-progestin-releasing systems as NovaRing vaginal ring and transdermal patch EVRA. We consider their contraceptive efficacy, effect on the menstrual cycle, body weight, and metabolic parameters. It is emphasized that these systems have a number of advantages (the release of small doses of hormones, the absence of daily fluctuations in the hormone excretion and the primary effect of passing through the liver, usability, minimal systemic effects, etc.), making them the most prospective methods of contraception.

We present data on the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in Russia, its importance in the development of pyoinflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, the impact on pregnancy outcomes. The goal of treatment of bacterial vaginosis is the restoration of normal vaginal ecosystem, wherefore microorganisms (causative agents of disease) elimination, activity of lacto- and bifidobacteria increase, prevention the superinfection are required. We give much attention to the treatment of bacterial vaginosis in pregnant women.

We consider the general principles of antibiotic use in children in outpatient treatment. It is emphasized that acute antibacterial drugs administration in treatment of acute respiratory diseases (ARD) and enteric infections should be limited to cases with signs of bacterial infection, which occurs not more than in 5-10% patients. Actually, 25-70% of patients with ARD receive antibiotics, which increases the risk of flora resistance and side effects, and often embarrass the diagnosis. We provide recommendations for antibiotic therapy in children with acute respiratory disease, skin and subcutaneous infections, intestinal and urinary infections in outpatient practice.

We present current data on classifications, mechanisms of development and diagnosis of dysmenorrhea. The results for assessment and treatment analysis of 197 women with dysmenorrhea are presented. This make it possible to characterize the structure of dysmenorrhea in adolescents, pain syndrome particular characteristics, and the dynamics of pain syndrome relief at a provocation test by selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug Nise (nimesulide). These results demonstrate the importance of differentiated approach to diagnosis and treatment of dysmenorrhea, including the various hormonal and nonhormonal drugs administration for the management of various disease manifestations in girls.

The present article is concerned with the history of the creation of intrauterine contraceptive devices; gormono-relising intrauterine system (IUS), which include the Navy, containing levonorgestrel (LNG) - "Mirena" became the third generation. The authors discussed the mechanisms of LNG-IUS contraceptive action, contraceptive efficacy, therapeutic properties, and side effects. It is emphasized that LNG-IUS administration is feasible as the progestin component of hormone replacement therapy.

Data for the antimicrobial spectrum of activity netilmicin are presented, the presence of rapidly bactericidal effect drug that independent of immunoprotection status is emphasized. We consider the netilmicin pharmacological properties, and highlight the lower nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity in comparison with other aminoglycosides. We provided information on netilmicin dosage in neonates for treatment of severe and life-threatening infections, including early and late sepsis, necrotic phlegmon, congenital pneumonia, etc.

The normal level of magnesium in vivo recognized as a fundamental constant, which controls human health. Since 1995, WHO classifies pathological condition "magnesium deficiency" as a disease. In obstetric-gynecological practice, magnesium preparations are traditionally used for reduces the uterus hypertonia and premature delivery prevention because magnesium lowers the muscle tissue tone due to antagonism with calcium, providing muscle contraction. A pronounced positive effect was obtained by orotate magnesium administration in pregnant women with arterial hypertension. As a component of the drug orotic acid in this particular case is an intermediate step in the pyrimidine biosynthesis, glycogen synthesis, etc. Magnesium and orotic acid have a synergistic effect. For that reason, drug Magnerot, one tablet which contains 500 mg of magnesium orotate dehydrate, come under notice. This salt is poorly water-soluble, therefore nonreactive with gastric juice and has no laxative effect. As a source of magnesium, drug was originally designed to correct magnesium deficiency in various diseases and pregnancy.