编号 12 (2013)

Postcoital or emergency contraception is a single contraception aimed at the prevention of unwanted pregnancy, which is not suitable for permanent use. At the same time, in certain situations, emergency contraception is the only way to prevent unwanted pregnancy and prevents abortion. The article describes the currently used methods of postcoital contraception.

In the variable socio-demographic circumstances, special attention should be given to preserving women’s reproductive health. The most important task is to prevent abortions and related complications, solution of this task is impossible without the use of contraception, including hormonal contraception. The advantages of hormonal oral contraceptives are discussed on the example of a combination of chlormadinone acetate and ethinyl estradiol.

Radiation therapy of the pelvic organs may be accompanied by the development of radiation reactions and bladder complications. Clinical manifestation of radiation cystitis is similar to that of banal cystitis. According to the data of some authors, the frequency of hemorrhagic cystitis induced by radiation therapy varies from 5,7 to 11,5 % and can appear from 2 months to 10 years after radiation exposure. Currently, immunomodulating drugs with multipurpose activity are widely used in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract, including radiation-induced disorders. The use of interferon-Y Ingaron® has a positive therapeutic effect in the treatment of complex forms of late hemorrhagic radiation cystitis.

Abortion is a major hazard for women's reproductive health. Despite the fact that the situation in regard to abortions in Russia is improving, abortion level remains one of the highest in Europe and worldwide. To a large extent, this is due to the insufficient use of modern contraceptive methods. According to the data of survey presented in this article, most women prefer ineffective methods of contraception. Only about 30 % of the respondents used modern methods, most often combined oral contraceptives (COCs) and intrauterine devices. In this regard, the introduction of modern methods of contraception, including COCs, should be considered as an important step towards reproductive health and quality of life of women. The data on the new highly effective innovative COC Zoely® with estrogen and progestogen components similar to natural hormones are presented. It is a promising new generation oral contraceptive that can not only provide acceptable control of the menstrual cycle of women, but also has a certain therapeutic effect.

Issues of antibacterial treatment of urogenital mycoplasma infection are actively discussed. Numerous studies are devoted to the development of recommendations for the treatment of mycoplasma infections. Currently, the problem of the effectiveness of therapy, however, is still most challenging and relevant.

The article describes the clinical case of maternal mortality in patient with pulmonary tuberculosis, chronic alcoholism, chronic hepatitis and late form of syphilis. The analysis of diagnostic, medical and tactical errors highlights the need for increased awareness among professionals, which provide a medical care for such patients and a more detailed examination in the presence of clinical manifestations. For the full survey and timely and comprehensive treatment, and prevention activities among socially maladjusted patients, the special centers for social-related diseases should be the established.

The article discusses the factors of risk of premature delivery, including the important role of disruption of the normal vaginal biocenosis. The results of evaluation of long-term outcomes of mono- and two-stage treatment of vaginosis and vaginitis in 84 women of reproductive age are presented. After a course of anti-infective therapy, one group of women received drug for vaginal use with ascorbic acid as a drug for restoration of vaginal microbiota, that contributed to effective prevention of recurrence of inflammatory diseases of the vagina.