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No 11 (2014)

Articles

Probioticheskie shtammy laktobatsill kak faktor kompleksnoy terapii i profilaktiki raznykh sostoyaniy i zabolevaniy u detey

Ursova N.I.

Abstract

The article considers the modern views on the problem of prophylactic and therapeutic applications of lactobacilli-containing probiotics in a variety of conditions and diseases. The most significant from the viewpoint of an internist, systematic analysis of the physiological effects of the probiotic strain L. rhamnosus GG, having a powerful scientific dossier, is presented.
Pharmateca. 2014;(11):8-15
pages 8-15 views

Antibakterial'naya terapiya ostrykh rinosinusitov u detey

Karpova E.P., Tulupov D.A.

Abstract

This article presents an overview of the current literature on the role of bacterial infection and antibacterial therapy in the treatment of acute rhinosinusitis in children. According to all reports, the acute rhinosinusitis associated with a bacterial infection accounts not more than 5 % of all episodes of acute rhinosinusitis. Streptococcus pneumoniae and nontypeable strains of Haemophilus influenzae are major pathogens of acute rhinosinusitis. Given the small amounts of penicillin-resistant strains of S. pneumoniae in Russia, and limitations for the use of amoxicillin in children, amoxicillin/clavulanate at a dose of 40-45 mg/kg/day on amoxicillin should be considered as a starting drug in the treatment of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis. Further clinical research on the role of topical antimicrobials in the treatment of acute rhinosinusitis in children is required.
Pharmateca. 2014;(11):16-19
pages 16-19 views

Taktika prakticheskogo vracha pri ostrykh kishechnykh infektsiyakh u detey

Ploskireva A.A.

Abstract

The review focuses on the analysis of modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of acute intestinal infections (AII) in children. The author's method of estimating the AII severity, and the scheme of clinical and laboratory examination are discussed. Recommendations on stepwise diet therapy are presented. The need for a causal, pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy in the acute period of the disease is emphasized. The main groups of drugs used at each stage of treatment are considered.
Pharmateca. 2014;(11):20-27
pages 20-27 views

Glikogenovaya bolezn' u detey: problemy diagnostiki i lecheniya

Surkov A.N.

Abstract

Despite significant advances in domestic medicine, whole group of inherited disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, under the general term «glycogen disease» continues to remain underdiagnosed in our country. These disorders are characterized by excessive accumulation of normal or restructured glycogen in various organs and tissues, most commonly in the liver and muscles. Pathogenetic therapy for hepatic forms of glycogen disease (GD) has not yet been developed. All this inevitably entails early disability of patients and significantly increases the risk of death from complications incompatible with life. However, strict adherence to a specialized diet, symptomatic therapy and effective self-control allow to avoid metabolic decompensation, which significantly improves the prognosis of the disease and improves the quality of life of patients. In this connection, constant improvement in terms of medical diagnostics and therapy of GB in children is necessary. The article presents the generalize information on these issues and discusses the most relevant directions for further research.
Pharmateca. 2014;(11):28-33
pages 28-33 views

Opyt primeneniya Pantokal'tsina v praktike detskogo nevrologa

Balakireva E.A., Neretina A.F., Krasnorutskaya O.N., Evdakova E.A., Akopyan E.M., Shchukina I.G.

Abstract

The article presents the experience of the use of hopantenic acid (Pantocalcin) in children with various disorders of the nervous system, showing that the drug is well tolerated and effective for the correction of neuropsychiatric symptoms even as monotherapy.
Pharmateca. 2014;(11):34-38
pages 34-38 views

Anemiya pri patologii zheludochno-kishechnogo trakta u detey: differentsial'nyy diagnoz

Zakharova I.N., Berezhnaya I.V., Dmitrieva Y.A., Machneva E.B.

Abstract

Despite the vast experience and diagnostic capabilities, frequency of anemia in the population is not reduced. Anemia is a nonspecific symptom, it may be a manifestation of many pathological conditions as related to the primary disorders of hemopoietic system, as well as not depend on these disorders. Anemia in children with chronic pathology of the gastrointestinal tract is common condition, sometimes is the only first manifestation of chronic disease. The article presents the differential diagnosis of various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, accompanied by anemia, and the modern potentials for the its diagnosis and therapy in children.
Pharmateca. 2014;(11):39-47
pages 39-47 views

Sindrom rvot i srygivaniy u detey rannego vozrasta

Kornienko E.A.

Abstract

Regurgitations are one of the most common symptoms in children during the first months of life. They may have a functional origin or be a manifestation of organic pathology primarily gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Functional regurgitation is a reflection of the adaptation of the gastrointestinal tract of the child and is not accompanied by other pathological conditions. GERD is characterized by a greater persistence of regurgitation, inadequate weight gain, often respiratory symptoms. GERD diagnosis should be confirmed by daily pH-metry and detection of esophagitis. The mainstay of treatment of functional regurgitation includes modifying the diet, the use of formulas with thickeners, and positional therapy. GERD is indication for the drug therapy - prokinetics and antisecretory drugs.
Pharmateca. 2014;(11):48-53
pages 48-53 views

Sovremennoe sostoyanie voprosa diagnostiki i lecheniya funktsional'nykh zaporov u detey

Kholodova I.N., Rubtsova A.A., Akopyan A.N.

Abstract

Constipation is one of the urgent problems of pediatric gastroenterology. The article deals with the classification, etiopathogenesis, criteria and diagnostic algorithm, as well as the principles of treatment of constipation in children. The latter is a challenge requiring an individual approach with regard to age, etiopathogenetic mechanisms for its development, as well as selection of the most safe drugs.
Pharmateca. 2014;(11):54-57
pages 54-57 views

Perinatal'nyy virusnyy gepatit S u detey: aktual'nye voprosy i sovershenstvovanie podkhodov k terapii

Lavrova A.E., Galova E.A., Gorokhova N.M., Tolkacheva N.I.

Abstract

According to the World Health Organization, about 170 million people are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV - HepatitisCVirus). In recent years, vertical transmission plays a leading role in the prevalence of HCV-infection, with high frequency of сhronization (75-85.7 %). The study included 43 children aged 3-7 years with chronic hepatitis C (CHC), born from a/HCV-positive mothers. Every second child was diagnosed with genotype 1 HCV; 53 % had a high viral load. It was found that in preschool children with chronic hepatitis C infection with vertical transmission, the immunological disorders in viral replication phase are characterized by a predominance of Th2-response, depletion of CD8+, that negatively affects the outcome of antiviral therapy. The predominance of Th1-response, on the contrary, promotes rapid and direct virological response. Virus genotype (II-III), rapid virological response, and immediate virologic response contribute to achieving the sustained virologic response in children with chronic hepatitis C.
Pharmateca. 2014;(11):58-62
pages 58-62 views

Osnovnye podkhody k korrektsii funktsional'nykh narusheniy so storony zheludochno-kishechnogo trakta u detey

Gmoshinskaya M.V., Surzhik A.V.

Abstract

Regurgitation, constipation and colic are the most common functional disorders of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in infants of six months of life. The occurrence of such disorders is associated with changes in motor function and somatic sensitivity of the intestine, and disorders of absorbtive and secretory functions of the digestive system. It is important to emphasize the significance of differential diagnosis of functional disorders and conditions requiring emergency interventions - surgical pathology, infectious diseases (abdominal pain, passive abdomen muscle tension, blood in the stool, vomiting with blood, fever, food refusal, projectile vomiting), or an additional examination of the child (low weight gain, persistent regurgitation - 3 points or more, the lack of effect of diet, lactase deficiency, food intolerance).
Pharmateca. 2014;(11):63-68
pages 63-68 views

Sindrom narusheniya vnimaniya s giperaktivnost'yu: diagnostika i psikhofarmakoterapiya

Lokhov M.I., Fesenko Y.A., Shigashov D.Y.

Abstract

The paper considers the concept of minimal brain dysfunction and that of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHA). It gives the data of a cross-correlation analysis of computed electroencephalography (EEG) in 3- to 11-year-old children in health and in different borderline mental disorders (including ADHA). By applying the methods of a semigraphical cross-correlation computer EEG analysis, the authors provide support for the fact that the interstructural interaction is impaired in the above disorders versus in health. The psychopharmacotherapy of ADHA is covered on the basis of the findings.
Pharmateca. 2014;(11):69-74
pages 69-74 views

Disfoniya: prichiny, sposoby korrektsii i vliyanie razlichnykh grupp lekarstvennykh veshchestv na kachestvo golosa

Radtsig E.Y.

Abstract

A human voice is important component of the concept of quality of life. Phonation is a complex and multi-stage process dependent on many factors. The article considers the influence of the state and functioning of various organs and systems of voice quality, as well as the possible effects of medicines and dietary supplements on this parameter. The data on the effectiveness of the homeopathic drug Homeovox in the treatment of dysphonia of different etiology in children and adolescents are presented.
Pharmateca. 2014;(11):75-79
pages 75-79 views

Primenenie antibiotika Pantsef (tsefiksim) pri respiratornykh zabolevaniyakh u detey

Volkov I.K.

Abstract

The review is dedicated to the use of Pancef (cefixime) for respiratory diseases in children. Pancef is oral slow-release drug, which inhibits major respiratory pathogens, such as gram-positive pathogens (Streptococcus pneumoniae); and gram-negative pathogens: Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae. Pseudomonas spp., Enterococcus (Streptococcus) serogroup D, Listeria monocytogenes and most strains of Staphylococcus spp. (including methicillin-resistant strains), Enterobacter spp., Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium spp. are cefixime-resistant pathogens. Numerous clinical studies have shown the effectiveness of this antibiotic in sinusitis, acute otitis media, tonsillitis, bronchitis, and community-acquired pneumonia caused by sensitive flora. The frequency of side effects is 1 to 7%.
Pharmateca. 2014;(11):80-84
pages 80-84 views

Nesteroidnye protivovospalitel'nye sredstva v pediatricheskoy praktike -effektivnost' i bezopasnost' primeneniya kombinirovannykh preparatov

Erofeeva S.B.

Abstract

Ibuprofen and paracetamol are referred to the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and have the most effective and safe profile for use in pediatric patients. Although in recent years the number of NSAIDs has significantly increased, and currently this group comprises many drugs differing in chemical structure, characteristics of action and application, paracetamol and ibuprofen are the drugs of choice for treatment of pain and fever, particularly in pediatric practice. The combination of these drugs keeps the safety profile and increases the effectiveness of treatment for fever and pain in children.
Pharmateca. 2014;(11):85-87
pages 85-87 views

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